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The microbial conversion of organic matter into biofuels holds potential as a renewable energy source. Among biofuel sources, microalgae are recognized as a highly efficient and adaptable feedstock for biodiesel production, owing to their rapid biomass accumulation, elevated lipid productivity, and capacity to proliferate in diverse aquatic systems, including freshwater, marine, and wastewater habitats. Unlike terrestrial crops, microalgae do not compete for land and can achieve significantly...
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Bacterial bioaugmentation for improving methane and hydrogen production from microalgae.

Fan Lü1, Jiaqi Ji, Liming Shao

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China. solidwaste@tongji.edu.cn.

Biotechnology for Biofuels
|July 3, 2013
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Summary

Bioaugmentation with Clostridium thermocellum enhances microalgal biomass degradation, improving methane and hydrogen production. A two-step process maximizes bioenergy yield by optimizing bacterial addition for efficient fermentation.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Microbiology
  • Bioenergy

Background:

  • Microalgal cell walls present recalcitrance, limiting digestibility for bioenergy.
  • Cellulose in Chlorella vulgaris cell walls contributes to this recalcitrance.
  • Investigating bioaugmentation to enhance microalgal biomass utilization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effectiveness of bioaugmentation with Clostridium thermocellum for improving microalgal biomass digestibility.
  • To optimize the bioaugmentation process for enhanced methane (CH4) and hydrogen (H2) production.
  • To evaluate different strategies for integrating C. thermocellum and methanogenic sludge.

Main Methods:

  • Bioaugmentation of Chlorella vulgaris with Clostridium thermocellum at varying inoculum ratios.
  • Two-step versus one-step addition of C. thermocellum and methanogenic sludge.
  • Analysis of methane and hydrogen production, bacterial diversity, and algal cell degradation using fluorescence spectroscopy.

Main Results:

  • Addition of C. thermocellum increased methane production by 17-24% due to enhanced cell disruption and hydrogen co-production.
  • Bacterial diversity and quantities increased, leading to higher fermentation efficiency.
  • A two-step process (C. thermocellum followed by methanogenic sludge) yielded a 9.4% increase in bioenergy compared to a one-step process.

Conclusions:

  • Bioaugmentation with C. thermocellum effectively improves Chlorella vulgaris biomass degradation.
  • The two-step process is an energy-efficient method for maximizing hydrogen and methane production.
  • Fluorescence peaks of chlorophyll serve as biomarkers for monitoring algal cell degradation.