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Student-, classroom-, and school-level risk factors for victimization
Silja Saarento1, Antti Kärnä, Ernest V E Hodges
1Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Finland. silsaar@utu.fi
Journal of School Psychology
|July 3, 2013
Summary
This study identified student, classroom, and school risk factors for bullying victimization. Findings highlight social anxiety, peer rejection, and teacher attitudes as key predictors, informing targeted interventions.
Area of Science:
- Child Psychology
- Educational Psychology
- Sociology
Background:
- Bullying victimization is a significant issue affecting students' well-being.
- Understanding multilevel risk factors is crucial for effective prevention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate student-, classroom-, and school-level risk factors for victimization.
- To examine cross-level interactions among these risk factors.
Main Methods:
- Multilevel analyses of peer nominations and self-reports of victimization.
- Sample: 6731 Finnish elementary students (Grades 3-5) across 358 classrooms and 74 schools.
Main Results:
- Distinct risk factors for victimization were identified at student, classroom, and school levels.
- Social anxiety and peer rejection synergistically predicted victimization.
- Negative outcome expectations for defending victims and teacher attitudes toward bullying were significant classroom-level predictors.
- Classroom size moderated the impact of student-level predictors.
Conclusions:
- Victimization is influenced by a complex interplay of factors across multiple ecological levels.
- Identifying these multilevel risk factors and interactions is essential for developing targeted and effective anti-bullying interventions.
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