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Related Concept Videos

Sperm Structure and Semen Composition01:22

Sperm Structure and Semen Composition

During ejaculation, males release around 2-5 milliliters of semen, which is a complex mixture of mature sperm and various fluids produced by accessory glands. The mature sperm cells measure approximately 60 micrometers in length and consist of a head, neck, midpiece, and tail. The head is flattened and tapered, measuring about 4 to 5 micrometers in length. It contains a nucleus with condensed chromosomes and an acrosome, a cap-like structure filled with enzymes essential for penetrating the...
Proteomics01:33

Proteomics

A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term proteomics...
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Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid sperm cells are produced in the male testes. It starts with stem cells located close to the outer rim of seminiferous tubules. These spermatogonial stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to additional stem cells (meaning that these structures “self-renew”), as well as sperm progenitors, called spermatocytes. Importantly, this method of asymmetric mitotic division maintains a population of spermatogonial stem cells in the male reproductive...

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Phosphopeptide Analysis of Rodent Epididymal Spermatozoa
09:30

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Published on: December 30, 2014

The Rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) sperm proteome.

Sheri Skerget1, Matthew Rosenow, Ashoka Polpitiya

  • 1Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona;

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics : MCP
|July 3, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This study presents the first Rhesus macaque sperm proteome analysis, identifying 1247 proteins. Findings reveal evolutionary conservation and potential roles in sperm maturation and function, aiding infertility research.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Proteomics
  • Primate Genomics

Background:

  • Sperm composition studies are vital for understanding male fertility.
  • Previous proteomic analyses have focused on rodents and humans, lacking non-primate data.
  • Rhesus macaques are a key model organism for human infertility research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the Rhesus macaque sperm proteome (MacSP) for the first time.
  • To compare the MacSP with human and mouse sperm proteomes.
  • To investigate evolutionary aspects and potential functions of sperm proteins in Rhesus macaques.

Main Methods:

  • Mass spectrometry-based proteomics was employed for protein identification and quantification.
  • Bioinformatic analyses, including Gene Ontology and phylogenetic analyses, were performed.
  • Comparative proteomic analysis with existing human and mouse datasets was conducted.

Main Results:

  • The Rhesus macaque sperm proteome comprises 1247 identified proteins (MacSP).
  • Significant orthology (40-47%) and functional overlap were observed with human and mouse sperm proteomes.
  • Identification of specific proteins suggests roles in epididymal maturation and potential proteasome activity in mature sperm.
  • Phylogenetic analysis revealed primate-specific ADAM gene evolution.

Conclusions:

  • The MacSP characterization provides a foundational resource for Rhesus macaque reproductive biology.
  • Comparative analyses highlight conserved and divergent aspects of sperm proteomes across mammals.
  • This research facilitates targeted molecular studies of spermatogenesis and fertilization in a crucial model species.