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Electron Transport Chain: Complex III and IV

During the electron transport chain, electrons from NADH and FADH2 are first transferred to complexes I and II, respectively. These two complexes then transfer the electrons to ubiquinol, which carries them further to complex III. Complex III passes the electrons across the intermembrane space to Cyt c, which carries them further to complex IV. Complex IV donates electrons to oxygen and reduces it to water. As electrons pass through complexes I, III, and IV, the energy released aids the pumping...
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Electrochemically driven cup-and-ball CuI and CuII complexes.

Nicolas Menard1, Yohann Hériot, Yves Le Mest

  • 1Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, CNRS, UMR 8601, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|July 3, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Copper funnel complexes can switch between endo and exo conformations using electrochemical triggers. This switchable self-coordination is activated by external ligands, demonstrating controllable molecular behavior.

Keywords:
calixarenescopperhost-guest systemsligand effectsredox chemistry

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Published on: March 20, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Coordination Chemistry
  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Electrochemistry

Background:

  • Copper complexes with appended coordinating arms offer unique structural possibilities.
  • Switchable molecular systems are crucial for developing advanced functional materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the electrochemical switching of copper "funnel" complexes between endo and exo conformations.
  • To explore the role of exogenous ligands in activating this conformational change.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of copper "funnel" complexes with a coordinating appended arm.
  • Electrochemical techniques to induce and monitor conformational changes.
  • Ligand exchange studies using exogenous ligands like CO and n-butylamine.

Main Results:

  • The conformation of copper "funnel" complexes can be reversibly switched between endo and exo states.
  • This switching is triggered electrochemically and depends on the redox state of copper (Cu(I) or Cu(II)).
  • Exogenous ligands (CO for Cu(I), n-butylamine for Cu(II)) activate the conformational exchange in hydroxy-terminated complexes.

Conclusions:

  • Copper "funnel" complexes exhibit electrochemically controllable conformational switching.
  • The system functions similarly to a molecular "cup-and-ball" device.
  • This work provides a foundation for designing switchable molecular architectures based on metal complexes.