Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 10, 2026

Generation of Human Alloantigen-specific T Cells from Peripheral Blood
Published on: November 21, 2014
Quorum sensing allows T cells to discriminate between self and nonself
Thomas Charles Butler1, Mehran Kardar, Arup K Chakraborty
1Department of Physics and Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
T cells avoid autoimmune disease and respond to infection because the whole T-cell population makes decisions, not individual cells. This population-based T-cell training model explains how the immune system maintains self-tolerance while fighting pathogens.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Computational Biology
- Systems Biology
Background:
- T cells identify pathogen peptides on infected cells for adaptive immunity.
- Misfiring T cells recognizing self-peptides can cause autoimmune disease.
- Negative selection in the thymus imperfectly removes autoreactive T cells.
Purpose of the Study:
- To model T-cell training and response dynamics.
- To understand how the immune system avoids autoimmunity despite imperfect T-cell selection.
- To explain sustained pathogen response alongside self-tolerance.
Main Methods:
- Developed a computational model of T-cell population behavior.
- Simulated T-cell interactions and decision-making processes.
- Analyzed model outputs for criteria of adequate thymic selection.
Main Results:
- T-cell population-level decisions, not individual cell responses, dictate immune outcomes.
- The model demonstrates reliable pathogen response and autoimmunity avoidance.
- Identified a criterion for effective thymic selection against autoimmunity.
Conclusions:
- Collective T-cell behavior is key to immune system function.
- Population dynamics explain immune system robustness and self-tolerance.
- The model provides insights into maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing autoimmune disease.
More Related Videos
09:15Identification of Rare Antigen-Specific T Cells from Mouse Lungs with Peptide:Major Histocompatibility Complex Tetramers
Published on: July 19, 2024
08:10Simultaneous Quantification of Anti-vector and Anti-transgene-Specific CD8+ T Cells Via MHC I Tetramer Staining After Vaccination with a Viral Vector
Published on: November 28, 2018
Related Concept Videos
Bacterial Signaling
Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Yeast Signaling
Overview of Cell Signaling
Cells respond to many types of information, often through receptor proteins positioned on the membrane. For example, skin cells respond to and transmit touch...