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Related Concept Videos

Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle01:16

Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle

The lysogenic cycle is a crucial viral replication strategy that allows bacteriophages to persist within host cells without immediately destroying them. This process is primarily observed in temperate phages, such as bacteriophage lambda (λ), which infects Escherichia coli. The cycle allows the viral genome to persist across bacterial generations while keeping host cells viable.Integration of the Viral GenomeUpon infection, bacteriophage lambda attaches to the bacterial surface and injects its...
Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages00:43

Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages

In contrast to the lytic cycle, phages infecting bacteria via the lysogenic cycle do not immediately kill their host cell. Instead, they combine their genome with the host genome, allowing the bacteria to replicate the phage DNA along with the bacterial genome. The incorporated copy of the phage genome is called the prophage. Some prophages can re-activate and enter the lytic cycle. This often occurs in response to a perturbation, such as DNA damage, but can also transpire in the absence of...
DNA Bacteriophages01:26

DNA Bacteriophages

Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria, utilizing their genetic material to hijack host cellular machinery for replication. DNA bacteriophages employ single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes. These phages exhibit diverse replication strategies and host interactions, influencing their ecological roles and applications in biotechnology and medicine.ssDNA BacteriophagesssDNA phages, with their small genomes, utilize unique strategies to...
Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages01:30

Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages

Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the lytic replication...
Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle01:20

Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle

Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria. Among them, T-even bacteriophages, such as T4, exhibit a well-characterized lytic replication cycle in Escherichia coli (E. coli). This process ensures the rapid proliferation of the virus while ultimately leading to the destruction of the bacterial host.Attachment and DNA InjectionThe infection process begins with the recognition and binding of the T4 phage to the E. coli cell surface. Tail fibers of the phage...
Regulation of Bacterial Virulence01:28

Regulation of Bacterial Virulence

Pathogenic bacteria employ a range of regulatory mechanisms to modulate the expression of virulence genes in response to environmental and host-derived signals. These mechanisms ensure that virulence factors are expressed only under favorable conditions, thereby optimizing infection and survival strategies.Mechanisms of Virulence RegulationKey regulatory strategies include:Two-Component Systems: These consist of a membrane-bound sensor kinase and a cytoplasmic response regulator. Environmental...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Understanding the Impact of Temperate Bacteriophages on Their Lysogens Through Transcriptomics
09:23

Understanding the Impact of Temperate Bacteriophages on Their Lysogens Through Transcriptomics

Published on: January 5, 2024

Phage-host interactions during pseudolysogeny: Lessons from the Pid/dgo interaction.

William Cenens1, Angella Makumi, Mehari Tesfazgi Mebrhatu

  • 1Laboratory of Food Microbiology; Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S); Faculty of Bioscience Engineering; KU Leuven; Leuven, Belgium.

Bacteriophage
|July 3, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Researchers discovered phage carrier cells in Salmonella Typhimurium, supporting pseudolysogeny. A novel phage protein (Pid) expressed in these cells impacts host metabolism.

Keywords:
Salmonella Typhimuriumphage P22phage carrier statephage–host interactionspseudolysogeny

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T4 Bacteriophage and E. coli Interaction in the Murine Intestine: A Prototypical Model for Studying Host-Bacteriophage Dynamics In Vivo
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T4 Bacteriophage and E. coli Interaction in the Murine Intestine: A Prototypical Model for Studying Host-Bacteriophage Dynamics In Vivo

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Following Cell-fate in E. coli After Infection by Phage Lambda
06:10

Following Cell-fate in E. coli After Infection by Phage Lambda

Published on: October 14, 2011

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Understanding the Impact of Temperate Bacteriophages on Their Lysogens Through Transcriptomics
09:23

Understanding the Impact of Temperate Bacteriophages on Their Lysogens Through Transcriptomics

Published on: January 5, 2024

T4 Bacteriophage and E. coli Interaction in the Murine Intestine: A Prototypical Model for Studying Host-Bacteriophage Dynamics In Vivo
08:46

T4 Bacteriophage and E. coli Interaction in the Murine Intestine: A Prototypical Model for Studying Host-Bacteriophage Dynamics In Vivo

Published on: January 26, 2024

Following Cell-fate in E. coli After Infection by Phage Lambda
06:10

Following Cell-fate in E. coli After Infection by Phage Lambda

Published on: October 14, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Bacteriology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Bacteriophage P22-Salmonella Typhimurium interactions are crucial for understanding bacterial genetics and evolution.
  • Pseudolysogeny, a state where phage DNA persists without immediate lysis, has been historically challenging to study.
  • Recent findings suggest a more intricate role for phages beyond simple infection or lysogeny.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide molecular and genetic evidence for pseudolysogenic development in the Salmonella Typhimurium-phage P22 system.
  • To investigate the role of a newly discovered P22 ORFan protein (Pid) in pseudolysogenic cells.
  • To explore the impact of pseudolysogeny on both bacterial and phage biology.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Salmonella Typhimurium-phage P22 model system.
  • Employed molecular and genetic analyses to identify phage carrier cells.
  • Observed the behavior of episomal phage elements during cell division.
  • Analyzed the expression of the P22 ORFan protein (Pid) and its effect on the host dgo operon.

Main Results:

  • Confirmed the existence of phage carrier cells harboring an episomal P22 element in Salmonella Typhimurium.
  • Demonstrated asymmetric segregation of the episomal P22 element during bacterial cell division.
  • Identified a novel P22 ORFan protein (Pid) specifically expressed in phage carrier cells.
  • Showed that Pid can derepress a host metabolic operon (dgo), indicating phage influence on bacterial metabolism.

Conclusions:

  • Pseudolysogenic development is a viable phenomenon in the Salmonella Typhimurium-phage P22 system.
  • The P22 ORFan protein Pid plays a significant role in mediating phage-host interactions during pseudolysogeny.
  • Pseudolysogeny has demonstrable effects on bacterial metabolism and potentially influences bacterial and phage evolution.