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Related Concept Videos

Mass Spectrometry: Alcohol Fragmentation01:03

Mass Spectrometry: Alcohol Fragmentation

Alcohols (R-OH) ionize to lose one non-bonded electron from the oxygen atom, forming molecular ions. Due to their tendency to fragment rapidly, the intensity of the molecular ion peak in the mass spectrum is weak or sometimes absent. The fragmentation patterns for alcohols occur in two ways, i.e. ⍺-cleavage and dehydration. During ⍺-cleavage, the bond at the ⍺-position adjacent to the hydroxyl group cleaves to give a resonance-stabilized cation and a radical. However, intramolecular dehydration...
¹H NMR of Labile Protons: Temporal Resolution01:10

¹H NMR of Labile Protons: Temporal Resolution

Protons bonded to heteroatoms such as nitrogen and oxygen exhibit a range of chemical shift values. This is due to the varying degree of hydrogen bonding between the proton and the heteroatom in other molecules. The extent of hydrogen bonding affects the electron density around the proton, thereby giving different chemical shift values for the protons in the proton NMR spectrum.
The –OH proton in alcohols typically appears in the range of δ 2 to 5 ppm but can vary depending on the specific...
Pharmacogenetics of Drug Metabolism: Overview01:27

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Metabolism: Overview

Genetic polymorphism in drug metabolism is crucial to the inter-individual variability observed in drug responses. Drug metabolism primarily involves the chemical modification of drugs and other xenobiotics to enhance their elimination by increasing their polarity. Two main classes of enzymes mediate this biotransformation process: Phase I enzymes, primarily cytochrome P450s, catalyze oxidation and reduction reactions, while other enzymes, such as esterases, mediate hydrolysis, and Phase II...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder
05:12

Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder

Published on: June 23, 2023

Alcohol-induced metabolomic differences in humans.

M Jaremek1, Z Yu, M Mangino

  • 1Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.

Translational Psychiatry
|July 4, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New biomarkers for alcohol intake were identified using metabolomic profiles. These findings in large cohorts suggest potential for improved detection of moderate-to-heavy alcohol consumption in future health studies.

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Assessment of Glutamine as a Fuel Source for Alveolar Macrophages Exposed to Chronic Ethanol Using an Extracellular Flux Bioanalyzer
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Assessment of Glutamine as a Fuel Source for Alveolar Macrophages Exposed to Chronic Ethanol Using an Extracellular Flux Bioanalyzer

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder
05:12

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Published on: June 23, 2023

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Assessment of Glutamine as a Fuel Source for Alveolar Macrophages Exposed to Chronic Ethanol Using an Extracellular Flux Bioanalyzer
08:37

Assessment of Glutamine as a Fuel Source for Alveolar Macrophages Exposed to Chronic Ethanol Using an Extracellular Flux Bioanalyzer

Published on: November 15, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Metabolomics
  • Biomarker Discovery
  • Alcohol Research

Background:

  • Alcohol consumption is a leading global risk factor for disease.
  • Mechanisms of alcohol-induced damage and optimal biomarkers remain poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate metabolite concentration differences related to alcohol intake.
  • To identify and validate biomarkers for distinguishing light drinkers from moderate-to-heavy drinkers.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of metabolite concentrations in 2090 individuals (KORA F4).
  • Logistic regression adjusted for covariates (age, BMI, smoking, lipids).
  • Replication in KORA F3 and TwinsUK cohorts.

Main Results:

  • Identified 40/18 significant metabolites in males/females differentiating light drinkers (LD) from moderate-to-heavy drinkers (MHD).
  • Metabolite profiles achieved 0.812/0.679 AUC, indicating moderate-to-high accuracy in discrimination.
  • Replicated alcohol-related metabolites across independent cohorts.

Conclusions:

  • Metabolomic profiles involving phosphatidylcholines, ether lipids, and sphingolipids show promise as novel biomarkers for excess alcohol intake.
  • These findings support potential applications in future epidemiological and clinical studies for assessing alcohol consumption.