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Peroxisomes

Peroxisomes

Peroxisomes are specialized organelles present in fungi, plant, and animal cells. It can vary in number, size, morphology, and activity depending on the type of tissue and the nutritional state of the cell. For example, cells with active lipid metabolism, such as adipocytes, neurons, and hepatocytes, have more peroxisomes than other cells in the body. Besides their primary role in breaking down complex organic molecules, peroxisomes can also synthesize specific macromolecules and participate in...

Peroxisomes and Mitochondria

Peroxisomes and Mitochondria

Peroxisomes and mitochondria are two important oxygen-utilizing organelles in eukaryotic cells. Mitochondria carry out cellular respiration—the process that converts energy from food into ATP. Peroxisomes carry out a variety of functions, primarily breaking down different substances, such as fatty acids.
The peroxisome is a single membrane-bound cellular organelle that can perform several different functions, including lipid metabolism and chemical detoxification. The enzymes within peroxisomes...

Peroxisomes

Peroxisomes

Peroxisomes are specialized organelles present in fungi, plant, and animal cells. It can vary in number, size, morphology, and activity depending on the type of tissue and the nutritional state of the cell. For example, cells with active lipid metabolism, such as adipocytes, neurons, and hepatocytes, have more peroxisomes than other cells in the body. Besides their primary role in breaking down complex organic molecules, peroxisomes can also synthesize specific macromolecules and participate in...

Oxygenic Photosynthesis

Oxygenic Photosynthesis

Oxygenic photosynthesis is a fundamental process in which light energy is harnessed to drive the oxidation of water, leading to the production of molecular oxygen (O₂), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). This process is essential for sustaining aerobic life on Earth and is primarily carried out by cyanobacteria, algae, and plants. The core of oxygenic photosynthesis lies in the thylakoid membranes, where chlorophyll pigments facilitate light...

Protein Import into the Peroxisomes

Protein Import into the Peroxisomes

Cells contain membrane-bound organelles called peroxisomes that oxidize organic molecules by transferring hydrogen atoms to oxygen, producing hydrogen peroxide. Peroxisomes enzymatically convert the released hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen.
Peroxisomal Protein Import:
Peroxisomes lack the genetic machinery required to code for their own proteins. Hence, most peroxisomal membrane, lumenal and transmembrane proteins are synthesized in the cytoplasm or ER and transported to the peroxisome...

Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light

Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light

Light plays a significant role in regulating the growth and development of plants. In addition to providing energy for photosynthesis, light provides other important cues to regulate a range of developmental and physiological responses in plants.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Stimulation of Stem Cell Niches and Tissue Regeneration in Mouse Skin by Switchable Protoporphyrin IX-Dependent Photogeneration of Reactive Oxygen Species In Situ

Stimulation of Stem Cell Niches and Tissue Regeneration in Mouse Skin by Switchable Protoporphyrin IX-Dependent Photogeneration of Reactive Oxygen Species In Situ

Published on: May 8, 2020

Peroxisomes and photomorphogenesis.

Navneet Kaur¹, Jiying Li, Jianping Hu

¹MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.

Sub-Cellular Biochemistry

|July 4, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Light triggers plant development (photomorphogenesis) by altering peroxisome activity. It promotes photorespiration genes while repressing seedling establishment genes, impacting plant growth.

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Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Stimulation of Stem Cell Niches and Tissue Regeneration in Mouse Skin by Switchable Protoporphyrin IX-Dependent Photogeneration of Reactive Oxygen Species In Situ

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Peroxisome Staining in Mammalian Cells Using Peroxisome-Specific Probes

Peroxisome Staining in Mammalian Cells Using Peroxisome-Specific Probes

Published on: December 19, 2025

Area of Science:

Plant biology
Molecular biology
Biochemistry

Background:

Photomorphogenesis is a light-driven developmental process in plants.
Peroxisomes play crucial roles in plant metabolism and signaling.
Understanding peroxisome regulation is key to plant development.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of light in regulating peroxisomal gene expression and function.
To elucidate the molecular mechanisms linking light signaling to peroxisome activity.
To explore the involvement of peroxisomes in photomorphogenesis.

Main Methods:

Microarray analysis to assess gene expression changes.
Investigation of phytochrome A-mediated signaling pathways.
Analysis of peroxisomal pathways like photorespiration, beta-oxidation, and glyoxylate cycle.
Study of nitric oxide signaling.
Genetic analysis using mutants (e.g., det1, PEX2).

Main Results:

Light induces peroxisomal proliferation via phytochrome A and HYH, activating PEX11b.
Light upregulates genes for photorespiration and downregulates genes for beta-oxidation and the glyoxylate cycle.
Peroxisomes produce nitric oxide, a signal promoting photomorphogenesis.
A PEX2 mutant partially rescues the det1 photomorphogenesis mutant phenotype.

Conclusions:

Light dynamically regulates peroxisome function to coordinate seedling development with photosynthesis.
Peroxisomal pathways are differentially controlled by light to balance growth and establishment.
Peroxisome-derived signals, like nitric oxide, are integral to photomorphogenesis.
The PEX2 E3 ubiquitin ligase is implicated in light-mediated developmental control.