Related Experiment Videos
[Pathology, diagnosis and therapy of patellar dislocation]
G Sperner1, K P Benedetto, W Glötzer
1Univ.-Klinik für Unfallchirurgie Innsbruck.
Summary
Patella dislocations in sports trauma stem from altered biomechanics, including sulcus and Q angles. Treatment involves physiotherapy for muscle strengthening or surgical correction of alignment.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Sports Medicine
- Biomechanics
Background:
- Patella dislocation is a frequent sports injury.
- It is influenced by static and dynamic biomechanical factors.
- Factors include sulcus angle, Q angle, patella alta, and vastus medialis obliquus (VMO) muscle imbalance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the factors influencing patella dislocation.
- To outline diagnostic methods.
- To discuss conservative and surgical treatment options.
Main Methods:
- Diagnosis is based on X-ray imaging (tangential, AP, lateral views).
- Clinical examination assesses patellar stability and tenderness.
- Assessment includes evaluating haemarthrosis and VMO muscle status.
Main Results:
- Abnormal sulcus angle (>138°) and Q angle (>15°) are implicated.
- Patella alta and VMO weakness contribute to instability.
- Tenderness along the medial retinaculum and haemarthrosis are common findings.
Conclusions:
- Conservative treatment focuses on managing haemarthrosis and VMO strengthening through physiotherapy.
- Surgical options include lateral release, medial capsular plication, or patellar tendon transposition.
- Addressing biomechanical derangements is key for managing patella dislocations.