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MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

Experimental RNAi

Experimental RNAi

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

Published on: October 7, 2025

MicroRNAs in farm animals.

X Wang¹, Z Gu, H Jiang

¹Department of Life Science and Technology, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, P R China.

Animal : an International Journal of Animal Bioscience

|July 5, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression in farm animals like cattle, chickens, pigs, and sheep. These small RNAs play key roles in development and may influence production traits.

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Last Updated: May 10, 2026

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

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Published on: October 7, 2025

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A Complete Pipeline for Isolating and Sequencing MicroRNAs, and Analyzing Them Using Open Source Tools

A Complete Pipeline for Isolating and Sequencing MicroRNAs, and Analyzing Them Using Open Source Tools

Published on: August 21, 2019

Area of Science:

Genomics
Molecular Biology
Animal Science

Background:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs regulating gene expression by targeting messenger RNAs (mRNAs).
They are found across diverse species, including plants and animals, and play fundamental biological roles.
Understanding miRNAs in farm animals is crucial for improving livestock production and health.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the identification, expression patterns, and functional roles of miRNAs in cattle, chickens, pigs, and sheep.
To highlight the potential impact of genetic variations within miRNA pathways on farm animal traits.

Main Methods:

Identification of miRNAs through homology searches, small RNA cloning, and next-generation sequencing.
Analysis of miRNA expression using real-time RT-PCR and microarray experiments.
Review of existing functional studies on miRNA roles in farm animal development and physiology.

Main Results:

Hundreds of miRNAs have been identified in cattle, chickens, pigs, and sheep.
Many miRNAs exhibit tissue-specific and spatiotemporal expression patterns in these species.
Functional studies indicate significant roles for miRNAs in muscle, adipose tissue, oocyte, and embryonic development.

Conclusions:

MicroRNAs are extensively identified and expressed in a regulated manner across major farm animal species.
These small RNAs are integral to key developmental processes and hold potential for trait variation.
Further research into miRNA genetics and function can inform breeding strategies for enhanced production and health.