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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Removal of Exogenous Materials from the Outer Portion of Frozen Cores to Investigate the Ancient Biological Communities Harbored Inside

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Published on: July 3, 2016

Indirect interactions in the High Arctic.

Tomas Roslin¹, Helena Wirta, Tapani Hopkins

¹Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. tomas.roslin@helsinki.fi

|July 5, 2013

Summary

Indirect interactions shape Arctic herbivore communities. Both shared resources and natural enemies influence these food webs, with spiders being significant predators.

Area of Science:

Ecology
Arctic Biology
Food Web Dynamics

Background:

Indirect interactions mediated by trophic levels are crucial for structuring herbivore communities globally.
High Arctic ecosystems offer unique insights into food web dynamics due to their relative simplicity.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify the interaction structure of a herbivore-centered food web in the High Arctic.
To introduce generalized overlap indices for comparing indirect interactions.
To assess the impact of various predator guilds on a key herbivore.

Main Methods:

Quantified top-down-up and bottom-up-down interactions using generalized overlap indices.
Extended the food web analysis to include birds and spiders.
Conducted predation experiments to estimate mortality rates.

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Main Results:

Host specificity of herbivores and parasitoids is variable, with generalists present in both.
Indirect links via shared resources and natural enemies significantly shape the herbivore community.
Spiders were found to be the most significant predators of the key herbivore Sympistis nigrita.

Conclusions:

Both apparent competition and indirect interactions play roles in structuring Arctic herbivore communities.
Studies of limited food web modules may lead to overgeneralization; extended web interactions are complex.
This research provides baseline data for High Arctic insect communities facing climate change.