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Digital arthrodesis.

Charles M Zelen1, Nathan J Young

  • 1Foot and Ankle Associates of Southwest Virginia, 1802 Braeburn Drive, Suite M120, Salem, VA 24153, USA. cmzelen@periedu.com

Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery
|July 6, 2013
PubMed
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Proximal interphalangeal joint fusion effectively corrects lesser toe deformities. Modern implants improve stability and reduce infection risks compared to traditional methods.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Podiatric Surgery
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Lesser toe deformities require surgical correction for functional and aesthetic improvement.
  • Proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) arthrodesis is a well-established procedure for correcting these deformities.
  • Traditional techniques often involve Kirschner wires, which can lead to complications like pin-tract infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the efficacy of PIPJ fusion for lesser toe deformities.
  • To highlight advancements in implant technology for digital arthrodesis.
  • To compare the outcomes and complication rates of traditional versus newer implant methods.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of digital arthrodesis techniques and implant materials.
Keywords:
ArthrodesisHammer toeProToeSmartToeStayFuse

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  • Analysis of historical and contemporary surgical approaches for PIPJ fusion.
  • Evaluation of implant innovations including nitinol, polylactic acid, and polydioxanone.

    • Main Results:

    • PIPJ fusion provides reliable long-term correction and predictability for lesser toe deformities.
    • Newer implants made from advanced materials offer easier insertion and enhanced stability.
    • Modern implants eliminate the need for percutaneous wires, significantly reducing the risk of pin-tract infections (historically up to 18%).

    Conclusions:

    • Digital arthrodesis of the PIPJ remains a gold standard for correcting lesser toe deformities.
    • Innovations in implant materials and design have improved surgical outcomes and patient safety.
    • The shift away from Kirschner wires towards modern implants represents a significant advancement in reducing surgical site infections.