Quantum dots as versatile probes in medical sciences: synthesis, modification and properties

Area of Science:

• Nanotechnology
• Materials Science
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Quantum dots (QDs) are semiconductor nanocrystals (1-20 nm) with unique size-dependent properties.
• Their high surface-to-volume ratio, dispersibility, water stability, and fluorescence are crucial for advanced applications.
• Nanotechnology advancements have significantly impacted medicine and pharmacy through novel nanomaterials.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent developments in quantum dot (QD) synthesis and surface modification.
• To summarize the applications of QDs in medical and pharmaceutical sciences.
• To highlight QD utilization in bioimaging, drug delivery, biosensing, and photodynamic therapy.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of approximately 200 references.
• Synthesis and surface modification techniques for QDs.
• Exploration of QD-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

• QDs enable revolutionary techniques in medical diagnosis and drug delivery.
• Surface modification enhances QD biocompatibility and targeting capabilities.
• QDs demonstrate significant potential in bioimaging, drug tracking, biosensing, and photodynamic therapy.

Conclusions:

• Quantum dots are versatile nanomaterials with transformative potential in medicine and pharmacy.
• Continued research in QD synthesis and functionalization will drive innovation in healthcare.
• QD-based technologies offer promising avenues for improved diagnostics and therapeutics.