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Safety assessment of standardised methanol extract of Cinnamomum burmannii
Mariam Ahmad1, Chung Pin Lim, Gabriel Akyirem Akowuah
1School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. mariam@usm.my
Abstract:
The present study aims to evaluate the safety of methanol extract of Cinnamomum burmannii (MECB) by acute 14-day (single dose) and sub-chronic 28-day (repeated doses) oral administration to Sprague-Dawley rats. Our results showed that no toxicity was found in either acute or sub-chronic toxicity studies. MECB (containing 0.07% and 0.20% (w/w) of coumarin and trans-cinnamaldehyde, respectively), which was given orally at doses of 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg caused neither visible signs of toxicity nor mortality. No significant differences were observed in general condition, growth, organ weight, hematological parameters, biochemical values, or the gross and microscopic appearance of the organs from the treatment groups as compared to the control group. In conclusion, MECB did not cause any mortality nor did it cause any abnormalities in the necropsy and histopathology findings of treated rats. The LD50 for the MECB was found to be more than 2000 mg/kg. No adverse effects were observed in the treated rats at all the doses tested. The no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for the 28-day study was determined to be 2000 mg/kg body weight/day.
Insights
The methanol extract of Cinnamomum burmannii (MECB) showed no toxicity in rats during 14-day and 28-day oral administration studies. The no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) was determined to be 2000 mg/kg body weight/day.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology and Toxicology
- Natural Product Chemistry
Background:
- Cinnamomum burmannii is widely used in traditional medicine.
- Assessing the safety of plant extracts is crucial before therapeutic use.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the acute and sub-chronic oral toxicity of Cinnamomum burmannii methanol extract (MECB) in Sprague-Dawley rats.
- To determine the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of MECB.
Main Methods:
- Acute (14-day) and sub-chronic (28-day) oral toxicity studies were conducted in Sprague-Dawley rats.
- Animals received MECB at doses of 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg.
- General condition, growth, organ weights, hematology, biochemistry, and histopathology were assessed.
Main Results:
- No mortality or visible signs of toxicity were observed in any treatment group.
- No significant differences were found in hematological, biochemical, or histopathological parameters compared to the control group.
- The LD50 was determined to be greater than 2000 mg/kg, and the NOAEL was 2000 mg/kg body weight/day.
Conclusions:
- MECB is safe upon acute and sub-chronic oral administration in Sprague-Dawley rats.
- The extract did not induce any adverse effects or toxicological abnormalities at the tested doses.
- MECB demonstrates a favorable safety profile, supporting its potential use.