Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Paramagnetism01:30

Paramagnetism

Paramagnets are materials with unpaired electrons that possess a finite magnetic moment. In the absence of a magnetic field, these moments are randomly oriented, and thus the net moment is zero. Under an external field, a torque acting on the moments tends to align them along the field's direction. However, the random thermal motion of electrons produces a torque opposite to the external field and tries to disorient the moments. These two competing effects align only a few moments along the...
Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
Magnetic Susceptibility and Permeability01:31

Magnetic Susceptibility and Permeability

In linear magnetic materials, like paramagnets and diamagnets, magnetization is proportional to the magnetic field intensity. The constant of proportionality, a dimensionless number, is called magnetic susceptibility. The value of the susceptibility depends on the type of material.
When diamagnetic materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Hence, the susceptibility for diamagnets has a minimal negative value of 10-5–10-6. Since...
Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets.
Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.
Types of Reversible Electrodes01:24

Types of Reversible Electrodes

For electrode reversibility to be maintained, all the reactants and products involved in the half-reaction must be present at the electrode. There are several types of reversible electrodes (half-cells).In metal-metal-ion electrodes, a metal balances electrochemically with a solution of its own ions. Examples are Cu2+|Cu and Zn2+|Zn. Metals that react with the solvent, like group 1 and most group 2 metals, which react with water, and zinc, which reacts with aqueous acidic solutions, cannot be...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Through-Space Stabilization of Carbon-Centered Aryl Dicyanomethyl Radicals.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Light-Controlled Platelet Mechanics with Tunable BODIPY Photosensitizers.

Nano letters·2026
Same author

Breaking Bonds with Short-Wave Infrared Light: BODIPY Photocages for Two-Photon Activation in the 900-1500 nm NIR-II Window.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2025
Same author

Phototoxicity of hydroxymethyl-BODIPYs: are photocages that innocent?

Chemical science·2025
Same author

Symmetry-breaking photoinduced charge transfer state in a near-IR absorbing <i>meso</i>-linked BODIPY dimer.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2025
Same author

Towards Metabolic Organic Radical Contrast Agents (mORCAs) for Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Paramagnetic Relaxation Enhancement for Detecting and Characterizing Self-Associations of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins
07:24

Paramagnetic Relaxation Enhancement for Detecting and Characterizing Self-Associations of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

Published on: September 23, 2021

A noncovalently reversible paramagnetic switch in water.

Alexander T Buck1, Joseph T Paletta, Shalika A Khindurangala

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|July 9, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed an organo-paramagnetic switch using a bis(viologen) diradical. This molecule reversibly changes magnetic states in water using cucurbit[7]uril, enabling new electronic and sensing applications.

More Related Videos

Probing the Structure and Dynamics of Interfacial Water with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy
10:28

Probing the Structure and Dynamics of Interfacial Water with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy

Published on: May 27, 2018

Aqueous Droplets Used as Enzymatic Microreactors and Their Electromagnetic Actuation
08:27

Aqueous Droplets Used as Enzymatic Microreactors and Their Electromagnetic Actuation

Published on: August 28, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Paramagnetic Relaxation Enhancement for Detecting and Characterizing Self-Associations of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins
07:24

Paramagnetic Relaxation Enhancement for Detecting and Characterizing Self-Associations of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

Published on: September 23, 2021

Probing the Structure and Dynamics of Interfacial Water with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy
10:28

Probing the Structure and Dynamics of Interfacial Water with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy

Published on: May 27, 2018

Aqueous Droplets Used as Enzymatic Microreactors and Their Electromagnetic Actuation
08:27

Aqueous Droplets Used as Enzymatic Microreactors and Their Electromagnetic Actuation

Published on: August 28, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Organic Electronics

Background:

  • Development of switchable magnetic materials is crucial for advanced technologies.
  • Viologen-based radical systems offer potential for magnetic property control.
  • Guest-host chemistry provides a platform for molecular switching.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and characterize a novel organo-paramagnetic switch.
  • To demonstrate reversible magnetic state cycling using noncovalent interactions.
  • To explore the potential applications of switchable magnetic molecules.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a linked bis(viologen) dication diradical.
  • Investigation of guest-host complexation with cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]).
  • Magnetic property characterization in aqueous solution.
  • Computational modeling of radical interactions.

Main Results:

  • A bis(viologen) diradical was synthesized and shown to act as an organo-paramagnetic switch.
  • Reversible switching between diamagnetic and paramagnetic states was achieved via CB[7] complexation in water.
  • Computational analysis indicated a pi dimer (pimer) interaction between viologen radical units.

Conclusions:

  • This study presents a novel molecular switch with tunable magnetic properties in water.
  • The findings open avenues for spintronics, data storage, and chemical sensing.
  • The developed system serves as a building block for advanced magnetic materials and probes.