Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview01:27

π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview

An applied magnetic field causes loosely bound π-electrons in organic molecules to circulate, producing a local or induced diamagnetic field over a large spatial volume. As the molecules tumble in solution, the field generated by π-electrons in spherical substituents results in a zero net field. However, the net field generated by π-electrons in non-spherical substituents is not zero. The effect of this induced field depends on the orientation of the molecule with respect to B0, resulting in...
¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals

Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are slanted or...
π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Aromatic and Antiaromatic Compounds01:14

π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Aromatic and Antiaromatic Compounds

In aromatic compounds, such as benzene, the circulation of (4n + 2) π-electrons sets up a diamagnetic or diatropic ring current around the perimeter of the molecule. This current induces a magnetic field that opposes the external field inside the ring and reinforces it on the outside. The protons in benzene are deshielded and exhibit high chemical shifts in the range 6.5–8.5 ppm. The shielding effect at the center of the ring is evident in complex aromatic molecules, such as annulenes. In...
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of one, the...
Resonance and Hybrid Structures02:16

Resonance and Hybrid Structures

According to the theory of resonance, if two or more Lewis structures with the same arrangement of atoms can be written for a molecule, ion, or radical, the actual distribution of electrons is an average of that shown by the various Lewis structures.
Resonance Structures and Resonance Hybrids
The Lewis structure of a nitrite anion (NO2−) may actually be drawn in two different ways, distinguished by the locations of the N–O and N=O bonds.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cavity-Induced Enhancement of Reaction Rate for a Weakly Asymmetric Isotope Exchange Reaction.

Journal of chemical theory and computation·2026
Same author

Spontaneous Emission from Electronic Metastable Resonance States.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Conditions for enhancement of gas phase chemical reactions inside a dark microwave cavity.

Communications chemistry·2024
Same author

Oscillating direct electric current formed by a resonant tunneling diode inside a cavity with periodically oscillating mirrors.

The Journal of chemical physics·2024
Same author

QED Theory for Controlling the Molecule-Cavity Interaction: From Solvable Analytical Models to Realistic Ones.

Journal of chemical theory and computation·2023
Same author

Complex energies and transition dipoles for shape-type resonances of uracil anion from stabilization curves via Padé.

The Journal of chemical physics·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Direct Imaging of Laser-driven Ultrafast Molecular Rotation
10:52

Direct Imaging of Laser-driven Ultrafast Molecular Rotation

Published on: February 4, 2017

Linear Stark effect for a sulfur atom in strong high-frequency laser fields.

P Balanarayan1, Nimrod Moiseyev

  • 1Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and Faculty of Physics, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel.

Physical Review Letters
|July 9, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Researchers studied laser-dressed sulfur atoms in a high-intensity laser field. They found unique degenerate states, leading to a strong linear Stark effect due to electron screening.

More Related Videos

High Resolution Phonon-assisted Quasi-resonance Fluorescence Spectroscopy
10:40

High Resolution Phonon-assisted Quasi-resonance Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Published on: June 28, 2016

Spatial Separation of Molecular Conformers and Clusters
10:37

Spatial Separation of Molecular Conformers and Clusters

Published on: January 9, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Direct Imaging of Laser-driven Ultrafast Molecular Rotation
10:52

Direct Imaging of Laser-driven Ultrafast Molecular Rotation

Published on: February 4, 2017

High Resolution Phonon-assisted Quasi-resonance Fluorescence Spectroscopy
10:40

High Resolution Phonon-assisted Quasi-resonance Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Published on: June 28, 2016

Spatial Separation of Molecular Conformers and Clusters
10:37

Spatial Separation of Molecular Conformers and Clusters

Published on: January 9, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Atomic physics
  • Quantum optics
  • Laser-matter interactions

Background:

  • Current laser technology enables studying atoms beyond perturbation theory.
  • Investigating atomic properties under strong laser fields is crucial for understanding light-matter interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the properties of a laser-dressed sulfur atom in the ionization stabilization regime.
  • To investigate the electronic structure modifications of sulfur atoms under strong, high-frequency laser fields.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical examination of a laser-dressed sulfur atom.
  • Analysis of electronic structure under high-frequency and moderate intensity laser parameters.
  • Investigation of the effect of weak static fields on degenerate states.

Main Results:

  • Achieved degenerate molecularlike states for the ground state triplet of the laser-dressed sulfur atom.
  • Observed that the degenerate ground state is achieved at significantly lower laser intensities compared to hydrogen atoms, attributed to many-electron screening effects.
  • Demonstrated that a weak static field induces asymmetric states with large permanent dipole moments, resulting in a strong linear Stark effect.

Conclusions:

  • Laser dressing dramatically alters the electronic structure of sulfur atoms in strong fields.
  • Many-electron screening effects in sulfur atoms facilitate the achievement of degenerate states at lower laser intensities than in hydrogen atoms.
  • The induced asymmetric states exhibit a strong linear Stark effect, differing from the typical quadratic effect in weaker fields.