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Transient Transduction of the Strobilated Forms of Echinococcus granulosus
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Neurocysticercosis.

Oscar H Del Brutto1, Hector H Garcia

  • 1School of Medicine, Universidad Espiritu Santo, Guayaquil, Ecuador; Department of Neurological Sciences, Hospital Clinica Kennedy, Guayaquil, Ecuador.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|July 9, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neurocysticercosis, a brain infection from pork tapeworm larvae, is common in endemic areas and increasingly seen globally. Diagnosis relies on neuroimaging and serology, with treatment including symptomatic and cysticidal drugs.

Keywords:
Taenia soliumcysticercosisepilepsyneurocysticercosispork tapeworm

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Neurocysticercosis is a significant parasitic infection of the human nervous system caused by Taenia solium larvae.
  • It is endemic in Latin America, sub-Saharan Africa, and Asia, with increasing diagnoses in developed countries due to migration and travel.
  • The infection cycle involves pigs and humans, with human infection occurring via the fecal-oral route.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of neurocysticercosis, including its epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management.
  • To highlight the challenges in diagnosing neurocysticercosis due to its varied neurological manifestations.
  • To discuss current therapeutic strategies and efforts towards transmission control and elimination.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on cysticercosis and neurocysticercosis.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data from endemic and non-endemic regions.
  • Discussion of diagnostic modalities, including neuroimaging and serology.
  • Overview of treatment protocols involving symptomatic and cysticidal drugs.

Main Results:

  • Neurocysticercosis presents with diverse neurological symptoms, most commonly seizures, headaches, and intracranial hypertension.
  • Diagnosis is challenging due to varied parasite locations and stages, necessitating neuroimaging and serological confirmation.
  • Treatment strategies vary based on cyst location, number, size, and stage, including symptomatic and cysticidal drugs like albendazole or praziquantel.

Conclusions:

  • Neurocysticercosis remains a major public health concern, particularly in endemic regions.
  • Effective management requires accurate diagnosis through neuroimaging and serology, followed by tailored therapeutic approaches.
  • Focus on transmission control and public health initiatives is crucial for potential elimination efforts.