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Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

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Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...

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Humanized Mediator Release Assay as a Read-Out for Allergen Potency

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Position document: IgE-mediated allergy to egg protein.

A Martorell¹, E Alonso, J Boné

¹Allergy Department, H General Universitario, Valencia, Spain.

Allergologia Et Immunopathologia

|July 9, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Egg allergy is common in young children, affecting 2.4-2.6%. Diagnosis involves clinical history, allergy tests, and controlled exposure. Treatment focuses on avoidance, but new therapies like oral tolerance induction show promise.

Keywords:

Children Diagnosis Egg allergy Food allergy Oral immunotherapy Outcomes Tolerance Treatment Vaccines

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Area of Science:

Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
Clinical Nutrition
Immunology

Background:

Egg allergy is a prevalent food allergy in infants and young children, particularly in Spain.
Prevalence is higher in children with existing cow's milk allergy or atopic dermatitis.
Egg white proteins, primarily ovomucoid and ovalbumin, are the main triggers for allergic reactions.

Purpose of the Study:

To outline the diagnosis and management of egg allergy in children.
To discuss current treatment strategies, including dietary avoidance and emerging therapies.
To provide guidance on vaccination and medication safety for children with egg allergy.

Main Methods:

Diagnosis relies on clinical history, positive allergy testing, and oral food challenges (gold standard).
Treatment primarily involves strict avoidance of egg protein.
Evaluation of tolerance to cooked egg and exploration of novel therapeutic options.

Main Results:

Egg allergy frequently impacts the skin, gastrointestinal, and respiratory systems, and can cause severe anaphylaxis.
Dietary avoidance is challenging, with common transgressions and persistent allergy in 15-20% of children.
Oral tolerance induction and anti-IgE therapy (omalizumab) are potential future treatments.
Vaccination with influenza and MMR vaccines is generally safe for children with egg allergy.
Hidden egg proteins in medications necessitate careful product selection.

Conclusions:

Egg allergy requires a multi-faceted approach including accurate diagnosis, strict avoidance, and patient/family education.
While avoidance is key, emerging therapies offer hope for improved management and quality of life.
Careful consideration of vaccines and medications is crucial for allergic children.