Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Parkinson's Disease: Overview

Parkinson's Disease: Overview

Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is to...

Parkinson Disease ll: Pathophysiology

Parkinson Disease ll: Pathophysiology

Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting movement, with additional non-motor features. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, and cellular dysfunction, including dopaminergic neuron loss, protein aggregation, and mitochondrial impairment.Selective NeurodegenerationA key feature is the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to reduced...

Neural Regulation

Neural Regulation

Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.

Parkinson Disease l: Introduction

Parkinson Disease l: Introduction

Parkinson’s disease is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects movement. It is characterized by motor symptoms such as resting tremors, muscle rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and postural instability. Patients may notice hand tremors at rest, stiffness during movement, or a shuffling gait. In addition to motor features, non-motor symptoms include sleep disturbances, mood and behavioral changes, constipation, and cognitive impairment, all of which...

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when presynaptic neurons...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Real-World Patterns of Botulinum Toxin Treatment in Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders: A 9-Year Nationwide Analysis in France.

Movement disorders clinical practice·2026

Same author

Toxocara seropositivity in sensory-predominant cervical myelitis from an endemic region: A six-case series and systematic review.

Multiple sclerosis and related disorders·2026

Same author

Stride-level measurement of gait as an early sensitive marker of disability progression in ambulatory patients with multiple sclerosis.

EClinicalMedicine·2026

Same author

Do sex differences in dementia with Lewy bodies arise from Alzheimer's disease biological profile?

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD·2025

Same author

MRI-derived atrophy in multiple system atrophy aligns with mitochondrial and glial gene expression patterns.

NPJ Parkinson's disease·2025

Same author

Reply to: Deep Learning to Differentiate Parkinsonian Syndromes: From Proof of Concept to Clinical Trust.

Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice and Evaluation of the Disease-dependent Distribution of Immune Cells in Various Tissues

Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice and Evaluation of the Disease-dependent Distribution of Immune Cells in Various Tissues

Published on: May 8, 2016

POLG mutations associated with remitting/relapsing neurological events.

Bertrand Degos¹, Pascal Laforêt², Claude Jardel³

¹Département de Neurologie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 47-83 boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI), Paris, France.

Journal of Clinical Neuroscience : Official Journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia

|July 9, 2013

Summary

Mitochondrial dysfunction, linked to mutations in the POLG gene, can cause neurological issues and inflammation. Targeting mitochondrial problems may help treat inflammatory diseases.

Keywords:

Immunology Magnetic resonance imaging Mitochondrial disorders Multiple sclerosis Myopathy

More Related Videos

Gait Analysis of Age-dependent Motor Impairments in Mice with Neurodegeneration

Gait Analysis of Age-dependent Motor Impairments in Mice with Neurodegeneration

Published on: June 18, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice and Evaluation of the Disease-dependent Distribution of Immune Cells in Various Tissues

Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice and Evaluation of the Disease-dependent Distribution of Immune Cells in Various Tissues

Published on: May 8, 2016

Gait Analysis of Age-dependent Motor Impairments in Mice with Neurodegeneration

Gait Analysis of Age-dependent Motor Impairments in Mice with Neurodegeneration

Published on: June 18, 2018

Area of Science:

Neuroimmunology
Mitochondrial Biology
Genetics

Background:

Emerging evidence links mitochondrial function to immune system activity.
Clinical cases show mitochondrial dysfunction correlating with immune responses in the central nervous system.

Observation:

A patient presented with ptosis, ophthalmoplegia, and polyneuropathy, indicative of mitochondrial disease.
Muscle biopsy revealed ragged red fibers, and POLG gene sequencing identified two heterozygous mutations.
The patient experienced relapsing neurological symptoms and MRI findings mimicking multiple sclerosis.

Findings:

This case highlights a novel compound heterozygous POLG mutation causing mitochondrial disease.
Neurological symptoms included a demyelinating process and inflammation, resembling multiple sclerosis.
The patient's presentation underscores the connection between mitochondrial dysfunction and immune-mediated inflammation.

Implications:

Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in central nervous system inflammatory and demyelinating diseases.
This case provides a potential link between POLG mutations, mitochondrial disease, and neuroinflammation.
Therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondrial dysfunction may offer new treatment avenues for inflammatory conditions.