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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Influence of Step-Width Manipulation on Running Biomechanics
06:53

Influence of Step-Width Manipulation on Running Biomechanics

Published on: February 28, 2025

Changing step width alters lower extremity biomechanics during running.

Richard A Brindle1, Clare E Milner, Songning Zhang

  • 1University of Tennessee, Knoxville, United States.

Gait & Posture
|July 9, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Altering step width during running affects lower extremity biomechanics. Increasing step width from narrow to wide reduces frontal plane joint loading, influencing hip and knee movements.

Keywords:
Frontal planeHipKinematicsKinetics

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Sports Science
  • Human Movement Analysis

Background:

  • Step width is a key spatiotemporal parameter in running.
  • Understanding its effect on lower extremity joints is crucial for injury prevention and performance optimization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the biomechanical responses of hip and knee joints to variations in step width during running.
  • To quantify changes in lower extremity joint kinematics and kinetics across different step widths.

Main Methods:

  • Collected lower extremity biomechanical data from 30 healthy runners (15 male, 15 female).
  • Analyzed data across three step width conditions: preferred, narrow, and wide.
  • Utilized mixed model ANOVA and pairwise t-tests to analyze dependent variables and step width effects.

Main Results:

  • Increasing step width from narrow to wide significantly reduced peak hip adduction and peak rearfoot eversion angles.
  • A wider step width also led to decreased peak knee abduction moments and impulses.
  • Gender influenced the effect of step width on peak rearfoot inversion moment, but not other variables.

Conclusions:

  • Step width is a significant factor influencing lower extremity biomechanics in runners.
  • Increasing step width reduces frontal plane loading at the hip and knee, in addition to rearfoot changes.
  • These findings highlight the importance of considering step width in running analysis and interventions.