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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
Cirrhosis I: Introduction01:23

Cirrhosis I: Introduction

Cirrhosis is a chronic, irreversible liver disease characterized by the widespread replacement of healthy liver tissue with fibrotic scar tissue and the formation of regenerative nodules.Etiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis results from sustained liver injury that triggers progressive fibrosis and structural remodeling. The underlying causes are diverse, encompassing common and less frequent clinical conditions. Regardless of the origin, all causes lead to chronic inflammation, hepatocyte loss, and...
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess the...
Liver Regeneration01:24

Liver Regeneration

The liver is an important organ in vertebrates that plays an essential role in metabolism. It is also responsible for storing and redistributing nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins in the body. Additionally, the liver releases bile salts which are critical for digesting food and eliminating toxic metabolites from the body.
Cells of Liver
The liver comprises four major types of cells— hepatocytes, stellate, Kupffer, and sinusoidal endothelial cells. The hepatocytes are large...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

In Vivo Nanovector Delivery of a Heart-specific MicroRNA-sponge
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In Vivo Nanovector Delivery of a Heart-specific MicroRNA-sponge

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MicroRNAs and liver function.

A Takata1, M Otsuka, T Yoshikawa

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan - otsukamo-tky@umin.ac.jp.

Minerva Gastroenterologica E Dietologica
|July 9, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression and are crucial for liver function. Understanding liver miRNA roles in metabolism is vital for developing effective therapeutics and avoiding adverse effects.

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MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally.
  • Their precise functions and targets are still under investigation.
  • miRNAs are implicated in various normal and pathological biological processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on the molecular roles of miRNAs in the liver.
  • To highlight the importance of understanding liver miRNA functions for therapeutic applications.
  • To focus on miRNAs involved in lipid, glucose, drug, and iron metabolism.

Main Methods:

  • Gene-modified mice studies to investigate miRNA functions in vivo.
  • In vivo nucleic acid delivery to modulate miRNA activity (overexpression or inhibition).
  • Literature review of current research on liver miRNAs and their metabolic roles.

Main Results:

  • Recent studies have elucidated crucial roles of specific miRNAs in essential liver functions in vivo.
  • miRNAs significantly impact lipid, glucose, drug, and iron metabolism within the liver.
  • Knowledge gaps exist regarding many miRNA targets and functions.

Conclusions:

  • Precise knowledge of liver miRNA functions is critical for advancing miRNA-based therapeutics.
  • Understanding these roles is essential for maximizing drug efficacy and minimizing potential harm.
  • Further research is needed to uncover all molecular aspects of liver miRNA biology.