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Related Experiment Videos

Ocular findings in oculodermal melanocytosis.

C Teekhasaenee1, R Ritch, U Rutnin

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Archives of Ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)
|August 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Oculodermal melanocytosis affects nearly 60% of patients with both skin and eye pigmentation. Regular follow-ups are crucial for detecting complications like glaucoma or malignant transformation.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Dermatology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Oculodermal melanocytosis is a rare congenital disorder characterized by melanin deposition in the skin and ocular tissues.
  • It can present with varying degrees of dermal and ocular involvement, posing diagnostic and management challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the clinical spectrum of oculodermal melanocytosis in a cohort of 194 patients.
  • To identify associations between dermal and ocular findings.
  • To determine the prevalence of ocular complications and assess the risk of malignant transformation.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 194 patients diagnosed with oculodermal melanocytosis.
  • Detailed examination of clinical presentation, including distribution of hyperpigmentation and ocular findings.

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  • Statistical analysis to identify associated factors and complication rates.

    • Main Results:

    • Of 194 patients, 34.5% had dermal involvement alone, 6.2% had ocular involvement alone, and 59.3% had both.
    • Dermal hyperpigmentation patterns (trigeminal nerve distribution, mucosal involvement) were associated with ocular disease.
    • Common ocular findings included episcleral pigmentation, elevated intraocular pressure (10.3%), glaucoma (10.3%), optic nerve abnormalities (9.8%), uveitis (2.6%), and cataract (1%).
    • Orbital melanoma was identified in 0.5% of patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Oculodermal melanocytosis frequently involves both dermal and ocular structures.
    • Glaucoma and potential malignant transformation are significant complications requiring vigilant monitoring.
    • Regular ophthalmological follow-up is essential for patients with oculodermal melanocytosis and ocular hyperpigmentation.