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Updated: May 9, 2026

Three-Dimensional Imaging of the Vertebral Lymphatic Vasculature and Drainage using iDISCO+ and Light Sheet Fluorescence Microscopy
Published on: May 22, 2020
Updated physiology and pathophysiology of CSF circulation--the pulsatile vector theory
M Preuss1, K-T Hoffmann, M Reiss-Zimmermann
1Department of Neurosurgery, Pediatric Neurosurgery, University Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20, 04103, Leipzig, Germany, preuss@neurosurgeon.ch.
Introduction:
Hydrocephalus is still a not well-understood diagnostic and a therapeutic dilemma because of the lack of sufficient and comprehensive model of cerebrospinal fluid circulation and pathological alterations.
Conclusions:
Based on current studies, reviews, and knowledge of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics, brain water dynamics, intracranial pressure, and cerebral perfusion physiology, a new concept is deducted that can describe normal and pathological changes of cerebrospinal fluid circulation and pathophysiology of idiopathic intracranial hypertension.
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