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Related Concept Videos

Halogens03:01

Halogens

Group 17 elements, known as halogens, are nonmetals. At room temperature, fluorine and chlorine are gases, bromine is a liquid, and iodine a solid. Astatine is a highly unstable radioactive element, so currently, most of its properties are unknown due to its short half-life. Tennessine is a synthetic element also predicted to be in this group.
Masking and Demasking Agents01:19

Masking and Demasking Agents

EDTA titrations may necessitate masking and demasking agents to temporarily protect a particular metal ion in a mixture from the EDTA reaction. These agents facilitate the sequential analysis of the metal ions by forming stable complexes with some—but not all—metal ions during certain steps.
There are many masking agents, such as cyanide, fluoride, triethanolamine, thiourea, and 2,3-bis(sulfanyl)propan-1-ol (formerly 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanol), with the masking agent chosen based on the metal...
Essential Minerals for Bone Health01:31

Essential Minerals for Bone Health

The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
EDTA: Chemistry and Properties01:22

EDTA: Chemistry and Properties

Polydentate ligands are most widely used in complexometric titrations because they form more stable complexes with the metal ions than mono- or bidentate ligands due to the chelate effect. Examples of polydentate ligands are ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), crown ethers, and cryptands. The most important feature of optimal polydentate ligands is the ability to form 1:1 complexes in a single-step process. Amino carboxylic acid derivatives are frequently used as complexing agents. EDTA is...
EDTA: Auxiliary Complexing Reagents01:26

EDTA: Auxiliary Complexing Reagents

EDTA titrations are usually carried out in highly basic conditions, where the fully deprotonated form of EDTA, Y4−, actively complexes with the free metal ions in the solution. Several metal ions precipitate as hydrous oxide (hydroxides, oxides, or oxyhydroxides) under these conditions, lowering the concentration of free metal ions in the solution. For this reason, auxiliary complexing agents or ligands such as ammonia, tartrate, citrate, or triethanolamine are used in EDTA titrations to...
Minerals01:26

Minerals

Minerals are essential nutrients that the human body needs in small amounts to work properly. They play a vital role in many bodily functions, such as building strong bones and transmitting nerve impulses. Some minerals are needed for hormone production or to maintain a normal heartbeat. Major minerals include calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium, while trace minerals include iron, manganese, copper, iodine, zinc, cobalt, fluoride, and selenium.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Semi-Automated Planimetric Quantification of Dental Plaque Using an Intraoral Fluorescence Camera
09:34

Semi-Automated Planimetric Quantification of Dental Plaque Using an Intraoral Fluorescence Camera

Published on: January 27, 2023

Stannous fluoride dentifrices.

Stephen A Makin1

  • 1GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare, St Georges Avenue, Weybridge, KT 13 ODE United Kingdom. stephen.a.makin@gsk.com

American Journal of Dentistry
|July 10, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stannous fluoride toothpaste offers proven anti-caries benefits. Research explores its formulation for enhanced oral health and additional stannous cation advantages.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Semi-Automated Planimetric Quantification of Dental Plaque Using an Intraoral Fluorescence Camera
09:34

Semi-Automated Planimetric Quantification of Dental Plaque Using an Intraoral Fluorescence Camera

Published on: January 27, 2023

Evaluating the Effects of Different Polishing Methods on Color Stability of Dental Restorations in Pediatric Dentistry
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Evaluating the Effects of Different Polishing Methods on Color Stability of Dental Restorations in Pediatric Dentistry

Published on: June 6, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Oral health research
  • Dental materials science
  • Fluoride chemistry

Background:

  • Stannous fluoride is a historically significant ingredient in oral hygiene products.
  • It was the first fluoride source demonstrated to prevent cavities when used in toothpaste.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the historical application of stannous fluoride for anti-caries effects.
  • To examine the development of stable stannous fluoride formulations.
  • To explore the realization of additional benefits from the stannous cation.

Main Methods:

  • Historical literature review.
  • Formulation stability analysis.
  • Review of stannous cation properties.

Main Results:

  • Early stannous fluoride use primarily focused on cavity prevention.
  • Challenges existed in creating stable stannous fluoride formulations.
  • Ongoing efforts aim to leverage the stannous cation for broader oral health benefits.

Conclusions:

  • Stannous fluoride remains a key agent in caries prevention.
  • Formulation stability is crucial for maximizing stannous fluoride's therapeutic potential.
  • Further research into stannous cation benefits can advance oral care solutions.