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Related Concept Videos

Personality Disorders: Paranoid and Schizoid01:22

Personality Disorders: Paranoid and Schizoid

Personality disorders represent enduring cognition, affect, and behavior patterns that significantly deviate from societal norms. These maladaptive traits often lead to difficulties in various domains, including interpersonal relationships, occupational settings, and overall psychological well-being. Paranoid personality disorder and schizoid personality disorder are two distinct conditions marked by odd or eccentric behavior.
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Paranoid personality disorder is...
Personality Disorders: Schizotypal and Histrionic01:20

Personality Disorders: Schizotypal and Histrionic

Schizotypal personality disorder and histrionic personality disorder are two distinct psychological conditions classified under personality disorders, each characterized by unique behavioral patterns and social difficulties. Both disorders significantly affect interpersonal relationships and emotional well-being, leading to social isolation and frustration.
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Schizotypal personality disorder is marked by odd or eccentric...
Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive01:24

Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive

Dependent personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are two separate psychological conditions that influence behavior, relationships, and overall life functioning. Though both involve maladaptive behaviors, their core characteristics and motivations differ significantly.
 Dependent Personality Disorder
Dependent personality disorder is characterized by an excessive reliance on others to manage various aspects of life. Individuals with this disorder often struggle with...
Personality Disorders: Narcissistic and Avoidant01:26

Personality Disorders: Narcissistic and Avoidant

Narcissistic and avoidant personality traits represent two contrasting patterns of behavior that significantly influence social interactions and self-perception. While individuals with narcissistic disorder seek admiration and validation, individuals with avoidant personality disorder withdraw due to fear of judgment.
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Dissociative Identity Disorder01:30

Dissociative Identity Disorder

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), previously termed multiple personality disorder, is a complex psychological condition characterized by the presence of two or more distinct identities or personality states. Each identity exhibits unique patterns of behavior, voice, and mannerisms and may possess separate memories and emotional responses. The alternating control between identities can result in memory gaps and challenges in recalling daily activities, often exacerbating the individual's...
Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder01:29

Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder

The development of psychological disorders, which are characterized by deviant, maladaptive, and personally distressing behaviors, has been explored through several theoretical approaches.
Biological approach
The biological approach posits that internal, organic factors are the primary causes of such disorders. This perspective emphasizes brain structure and function, genetic predispositions, and neurotransmitter imbalances. For example, schizophrenia has been associated with both genetic...

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Related Experiment Video

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Use of a Psychophysiological Script-driven Imagery Experiment to Study Trauma-related Dissociation in Borderline Personality Disorder
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Personality disorder dysfunction versus traits: structural and conceptual issues.

Leen Bastiaansen1, Filip De Fruyt2, Gina Rossi1

  • 1Vrije Universiteit Brussel.

Personality Disorders
|July 10, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study explored personality functioning and traits in psychiatric patients, finding both are important for diagnosing personality disorders (PDs). Understanding their connection offers insights into personality pathology.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Personality Disorders

Background:

  • The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) retains a categorical model for 10 personality disorders (PDs).
  • An alternative dimensional model, focusing on impaired personality functioning and maladaptive traits, requires further research.
  • Clarification is needed on the nature of personality dysfunction and its relationship with traits in PD diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the structure of personality functioning using the Severity Indices of Personality Problems (SIPP-118).
  • To determine the incremental validity of personality dysfunction factors compared to trait domains (NEO Personality Inventory-Revised [NEO-PI-R]) in explaining PD variance.

Main Methods:

  • Empirical investigation in a sample of 159 psychiatric patients.
  • Structural analysis of personality functioning.
  • Assessing incremental validity of dysfunction factors over trait domains for PD diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • Personality dysfunction and trait dimensions were strongly correlated.
  • Both dimensions demonstrated significant, albeit limited, incremental validity over each other in explaining PD variance.

Conclusions:

  • Personality functioning and traits are distinct yet interconnected constructs crucial for understanding personality pathology.
  • Findings have implications for refining diagnostic approaches to personality disorders, potentially moving beyond purely categorical models.