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Published on: May 4, 2021
Adiponectin and leptin: new targets in inflammation
Morena Scotece1, Javier Conde, Verónica López
1NEIRID Lab (NeuroEndocrine Interaction in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), SERGAS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Institute of Medical Research (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Adipokines, molecules from fat tissue, are key in chronic inflammation for rheumatic diseases like osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Their dysregulation links obesity to these conditions, offering potential therapeutic targets.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Immunology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Inflammation is a critical biological response to injury, infection, or autoimmune conditions.
- Adipokines, molecules primarily from white adipose tissue, are increasingly recognized for their role in chronic inflammation.
- Dysregulation of adipokines is a hallmark of chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases, particularly when associated with obesity and adipose tissue dysfunction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an updated overview of the pathophysiological role of adipokines in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.
- To explore the potential of adipokines as therapeutic targets for these chronic arthropathies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on recent advancements in adipokine research.
- Analysis of the involvement of adipokines in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.
- Discussion of current and potential therapeutic strategies targeting adipokines.
Main Results:
- Adipokines are produced by both adipose tissue and joint-resident cells (chondrocytes, synovial fibroblasts) and immune cells.
- Adipokine dysregulation is significantly associated with the progression and severity of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, especially in obese individuals.
- These molecules influence chronic inflammation within the joints, contributing to disease pathology.
Conclusions:
- Adipokines play a crucial role in the chronic inflammation characteristic of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.
- Targeting adipokines presents a promising therapeutic avenue for managing these debilitating rheumatic diseases.
- Further research into adipokine function may unlock novel treatment strategies for inflammatory arthropathies.
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