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Related Concept Videos

Xylem and Transpiration-driven Transport of Resources02:03

Xylem and Transpiration-driven Transport of Resources

The xylem of vascular plants distributes water and dissolved minerals that are taken up by the roots to the rest of the plant. The cells that transport xylem sap are dead upon maturity, and the movement of xylem sap is a passive process.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Using High Resolution Computed Tomography to Visualize the Three Dimensional Structure and Function of Plant Vasculature
11:49

Using High Resolution Computed Tomography to Visualize the Three Dimensional Structure and Function of Plant Vasculature

Published on: April 5, 2013

Post mortem function of AtMC9 in xylem vessel elements.

Benjamin Bollhöner1, Bo Zhang1, Simon Stael2,3

  • 1Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden.

The New Phytologist
|July 10, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Arabidopsis METACASPASE 9 (AtMC9) plays a crucial role in xylem cell death by degrading cellular contents after vacuolar rupture. This protease is essential for the post-mortem autolysis of xylem vessel elements.

Keywords:
Arabidopsis thalianaautolysismetacaspaseproteasevessel elementxylem cell death

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Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Using High Resolution Computed Tomography to Visualize the Three Dimensional Structure and Function of Plant Vasculature
11:49

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Published on: April 5, 2013

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Histochemical Staining of Arabidopsis thaliana Secondary Cell Wall Elements
10:39

Histochemical Staining of Arabidopsis thaliana Secondary Cell Wall Elements

Published on: May 13, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Xylem element cell death involves tonoplast rupture and autolysis.
  • Metacaspases are involved in plant cell death, but their role in xylem cell death is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of METACASPASE 9 (AtMC9) in Arabidopsis thaliana xylem cell death.
  • To elucidate the regulation and execution of xylem cell death by metacaspases.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of the AtMC9 gene family in Arabidopsis.
  • Investigating xylem cell death progression in atmc9 mutant roots using reporter gene analysis and electron microscopy.
  • Subcellular localization of AtMC9 reporter fusions and probe-based activity profiling.

Main Results:

  • Protoxylem cell death initiation was normal in atmc9 mutants.
  • AtMC9 was found to be crucial for clearing cellular contents after tonoplast rupture (post mortem).
  • AtMC9 activity targets papain-like cysteine proteases, indicating a role in a proteolytic cascade.

Conclusions:

  • AtMC9 functions in degrading xylem vessel element contents after vacuolar rupture.
  • AtMC9 is part of a proteolytic cascade involved in the post-mortem autolysis of xylem vessel elements.