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Validation of the General Practitioner Assessment of Cognition - Chinese version (GPCOG-C) in China
Xia Li1, Shifu Xiao, Yuan Fang
1Department of Psychogeriatrics, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
Background:
To assess the reliability, validity, and diagnostic utility of the Chinese version of General Practitioner Assessment of Cognition (GPCOG-C). The GPCOG, which is specifically designed for use in primary care to screen for cognitive impairment, consists of a patient section testing cognition, and an informant section asking about decline in cognitive and functional abilities.
Methods:
The English version of GPCOG was translated, back-translated, and subsequently revised to determine the final GPCOG-C. Our sample comprised 253 community-dwelling volunteers with memory concerns aged 50 years and over and 103 outpatients of a psychogeriatric clinic with memory complaints. Participants were assessed by one of the four general practitioners or six psychogeriatricians. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Hasegawa's Dementia Scale (HDS), and the GPCOG-C were compared against the DSM-IV-defined dementia diagnosis.
Results:
The internal consistency (Cronbach's α) was 0.68 for the GPCOG patient section. The test-retest was 0.98 for the GPCOG-C total. The sequential administration of both components of GPCOG-C had a sensitivity of 97% and a specificity of 89%, with a positive predictive value of 72% and a negative predictive value of 99%. Both the GPCOG-C total and sequential two-stage scoring methods performed at least well as the MMSE and HDS in detecting dementia. The administration time for the two-stage approach was 4.3 ± 2.4 min.
Conclusions:
The GPCOG-C is a valid, time efficient instrument for dementia screening in China.
