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Related Experiment Videos

Respiratory mortality among firefighters.

L Rosénstock1, P Demers, N J Heyer

  • 1Occupational Medicine Program, University of Washington, Seattle.

British Journal of Industrial Medicine
|July 1, 1990
PubMed
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Firefighters may face a higher risk of death from non-malignant respiratory diseases. Previous studies may have underestimated this risk due to the healthy worker effect.

Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Firefighters experience chronic respiratory issues from occupational exposures.
  • Previous studies have not confirmed an increased mortality risk from non-malignant respiratory diseases in firefighters.
  • A strong healthy worker effect might mask this risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the mortality risk of non-malignant respiratory diseases in firefighters.
  • To investigate if the healthy worker effect influences observed mortality rates.
  • To compare firefighter mortality with a general population and a police officer cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort mortality analysis of firefighters employed between 1945-1980 in three cities.
  • Comparison of mortality rates against the general United States population.

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  • Comparison of mortality rates against a cohort of police officers.

    • Main Results:

    • Firefighters showed reduced overall mortality (SMR=82) and non-malignant circulatory disease mortality (SMR=81) compared to the US population.
    • No significant difference in non-malignant respiratory disease mortality was found compared to the US population (SMR=88).
    • Firefighters exhibited an excess risk of death from non-malignant respiratory diseases compared to police officers (SMR=141).

    Conclusions:

    • Firefighters likely have an increased risk of mortality from non-malignant respiratory diseases.
    • This increased risk may have been obscured in prior research by the healthy worker effect and limitations of general population comparisons.
    • Comparing firefighters to a relevant occupational cohort like police officers reveals a significant risk.