Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 9, 2026

Multi-Scale Modification of Metallic Implants With Pore Gradients, Polyelectrolytes and Their Indirect Monitoring In vivo
Published on: July 1, 2013
[Allergy diagnostics in suspected metal implant intolerance]
1Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, 80337, München, Deutschland. Peter.Thomas@med.uni-muenchen.de
Allergy testing for implants should be targeted, not prophylactic. Patch tests and histology aid in diagnosing implant allergies, with lymphocyte transformation tests offering further insight.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic surgery
- Allergology
- Biomaterials science
Context:
- Implant allergy diagnostics are crucial both pre-implantation and post-implantation.
- Prophylactic allergy testing is not recommended.
- Specific patient history is key for pre-implant testing.
Purpose:
- To outline appropriate diagnostic strategies for suspected implant allergies.
- To differentiate implant-related allergies from other complications.
- To detail recommended testing methods for accurate diagnosis.
Summary:
- Baseline diagnostics for suspected implant allergy involve patch testing with standard metal series (Nickel, Cobalt, Chromium) and bone cement components.
- Peri-implant histology is recommended after excluding common complications like low-grade infections.
- T-lymphocyte-dominated inflammation can be indicative of peri-implant allergy.
- Lymphocyte transformation tests (LTT) assess metal sensitivity.
- Peri-implant molecular cytokine profiling provides inflammatory pattern data.
Impact:
- Provides clear guidelines for clinicians on implant allergy diagnosis.
- Aims to improve patient outcomes by enabling accurate diagnosis and management.
- Contributes to a better understanding of the immunological responses to implants.
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