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Appendicitis

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...

Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Diagnosing and managing appendicitis requires a structured and comprehensive approach that spans from initial assessment to postoperative care. Here is an overview of the process:
Diagnosing Appendicitis
It requires a multifaceted approach, starting with a detailed physical examination to pinpoint the location and nature of the pain and identify any associated symptoms. Laboratory tests play a crucial role. A complete Blood Count (CBC) typically reveals leukocytosis (an increased number of...

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Acute pancreatitis is the sudden inflammation of the pancreas caused by the early activation of digestive enzymes, leading to the autodigestion of pancreatic tissue. This results in local inflammation and, in severe cases, systemic complications.EtiologyUnderstanding the underlying causes is crucial, as identifying the etiology guides treatment and anticipates complications. Acute pancreatitis can be triggered by various factors, typically grouped into the following clinical categories.Biliary...

Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

Acute pancreatitis presents a complex medical emergency characterized by rapid onset inflammation of the pancreas, demanding timely diagnosis and management to prevent complications. The condition primarily manifests through severe upper abdominal pain that often radiates to the back. This pain intensifies following the consumption of fatty foods. Accompanying symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, fever, dyspnea, cyanosis, and jaundice can vary in intensity but significantly...

Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, most commonly caused by obstruction of the cystic duct. This blockage prevents bile from draining, leading to gallbladder distension, inflammation, and potentially serious complications. This condition may present acutely or chronically and can happen with or without gallstones.EtiologyAbout 95% of cholecystitis cases are calculous, caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct, leading to bile accumulation and inflammation of the gallbladder...

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Updated: May 9, 2026

Intra-Peritoneal Transplantation for Generating Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Mice

Intra-Peritoneal Transplantation for Generating Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Mice

Published on: January 6, 2023

Acute myeloid leukemia presenting as acute appendicitis.

Sherri Rauenzahn¹, Caroline Armstrong, Brendan Curley

¹Department of Medicine and Section of Hematology/Oncology, One Medical Center Drive, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.

Case Reports in Hematology

|July 11, 2013

Summary

Appendicitis is rare in leukemia patients but deadly. This case highlights acute myeloid leukemia (AML) presenting as appendicitis with leukemic infiltration, emphasizing prompt diagnosis and treatment for better survival.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Gastroenterology
Hematology

Background:

Appendicitis is uncommon in leukemia patients, carrying a high mortality risk.
Leukemic cell infiltration of the appendix is an extremely rare occurrence.
While appendectomy is standard, leukemia diagnosis and management are critical for patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To report a rare case of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) presenting initially as appendicitis with leukemic infiltration.
To discuss the diagnostic and management challenges of appendicitis in the context of underlying leukemia.
To highlight the importance of prompt diagnosis and treatment for improved survival in such cases.

Main Methods:

Case report of a 59-year-old female with acute right lower quadrant pain.
Diagnostic workup included abdominal imaging, peripheral smear, bone marrow biopsy, and surgical pathology.
Laparoscopic appendectomy was performed, followed by AML diagnosis and management.

Main Results:

The patient presented with symptoms of appendicitis, leukocytosis, anemia, and thrombocytopenia.
Pathology confirmed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with leukemic infiltration of the appendix, causing nonsuppurative appendicitis.
This presentation of appendicitis as the initial manifestation of AML is exceedingly rare, with only two prior reported cases.

Conclusions:

Appendicitis with leukemic infiltration, though rare, can be the initial presentation of AML.
Prompt diagnosis and integrated management of both appendicitis and AML are crucial for patient survival.
This case underscores the need for a high index of suspicion for underlying hematologic malignancies in patients with atypical appendicitis presentations.