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Updated: May 9, 2026

VisualEyes: A Modular Software System for Oculomotor Experimentation
Published on: March 25, 2011
Gullstrand's optical schematic system of the eye--modified by Vojniković & Tamajo
Bozo Vojniković1, Ettore Tamajo
1Velika Gorica University of Applied Sciences, Velika Gorica, Croatia. decv@decv.com
Abstract:
According to early examination (Vojniković, 1978) estimated, that the index of refraction for aqueous and vitreous is not the sum (1.33 or 1.66), than is for aqueous n = 1.334, and for vitreous N = 1.336. This measurements are made with Abbe's refractometer, by temperature of 33 degrees C for aqueous, and 36 degrees C for vitreous, as it's in human eye. In the principle of these results, the authors calculated the new values of cardinal points for the eye, and compared with Gullstrand's optical schematic eye. So, the refractive power for the eye F = 59.98 D, first focal length f1 = -16.67 mm and second focal length f2 = +22.27 mm
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