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Updated: May 9, 2026

Sampling and Pretreatment of Tooth Enamel Carbonate for Stable Carbon and Oxygen Isotope Analysis
Published on: August 15, 2018
Stable isotope canopy effects for sympatric monkeys at Tai Forest, Cote d'Ivoire
John Krigbaum1, Michael H Berger, David J Daegling
1Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, 1112 Turlington Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA. krigbaum@ufl.edu
Abstract:
This study tests the hypothesis that vertical habitat preferences of different monkey species inhabiting closed canopy rainforest are reflected in oxygen isotopes. We sampled bone from seven sympatric cercopithecid species in the Taï forest, Côte d'Ivoire, where long-term study has established taxon-specific patterns of habitat use and diet. Modern rib samples (n = 34) were examined for oxygen (δ(18)Oap) and carbon (δ(13)Cap) from bone apatite ('bioapatite'), and carbon (δ(13)Cco) and nitrogen (δ(15)Nco) from bone collagen. Results are consistent for C3 feeders in a closed canopy habitat. Low irradiance and evapotranspiration, coupled with high relative humidity and recycled CO2 in forest understory, contribute to observed isotopic variability. Both δ(13)Cco and δ(13)Cap results reflect diet; however, δ(13)C values are not correlated with species preference for canopy height. By contrast, δ(18)Oap results are correlated with mean observed height and show significant vertical partitioning between taxa feeding at ground, lower and upper canopy levels. This oxygen isotope canopy effect has important palaeobiological implications for reconstructing vertical partitioning among sympatric primates and other species in tropical forests.
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