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Related Concept Videos

Maintenance of the ES Cell State01:14

Maintenance of the ES Cell State

The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...
Source And Potency Of Stem Cells01:27

Source And Potency Of Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with extensive self-renewal properties that help them maintain their population during the fetal and adult stages of life. They can specialize in all cell types of the human body. However, their differential potential may vary and can be classified into five types. Stem cells can be (1) Totipotent, (2) Pluripotent, (3) Multipotent, (4) Oligopotent, and (5) Unipotent. Each stem cell has a specific origin; the fertilized egg or zygote is a totipotent cell and...
Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Stencil Micropatterning of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells for Probing Spatial Organization of Differentiation Fates
08:07

Stencil Micropatterning of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells for Probing Spatial Organization of Differentiation Fates

Published on: June 17, 2016

Patterning pluripotency in embryonic stem cells.

Yue Shelby Zhang1, Ana Sevilla, Leo Q Wan

  • 1Department for Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, USA.

Stem Cells (Dayton, Ohio)
|July 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers studied how stem cell differentiation is guided by gene expression boundaries. They mimicked developmental processes in vitro, revealing key interactions between Nanog and its target genes at these critical cellular junctions.

Keywords:
DifferentiationEmbryonic stem cellsExperimental modelsPluripotencyStem cell-microenvironment interactionsTechnologyTissue regeneration

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Patterning the Geometry of Human Embryonic Stem Cell Colonies on Compliant Substrates to Control Tissue-Level Mechanics
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Patterning the Geometry of Human Embryonic Stem Cell Colonies on Compliant Substrates to Control Tissue-Level Mechanics

Published on: September 28, 2019

Patterning of Embryonic Stem Cells Using the Bio Flip Chip
05:25

Patterning of Embryonic Stem Cells Using the Bio Flip Chip

Published on: October 1, 2007

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Stencil Micropatterning of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells for Probing Spatial Organization of Differentiation Fates
08:07

Stencil Micropatterning of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells for Probing Spatial Organization of Differentiation Fates

Published on: June 17, 2016

Patterning the Geometry of Human Embryonic Stem Cell Colonies on Compliant Substrates to Control Tissue-Level Mechanics
10:04

Patterning the Geometry of Human Embryonic Stem Cell Colonies on Compliant Substrates to Control Tissue-Level Mechanics

Published on: September 28, 2019

Patterning of Embryonic Stem Cells Using the Bio Flip Chip
05:25

Patterning of Embryonic Stem Cells Using the Bio Flip Chip

Published on: October 1, 2007

Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Developmental biology
  • Gene regulation

Background:

  • Stem cell fate decisions (self-renewal vs. differentiation) are influenced by morphogen gradients and boundary formation.
  • Gene expression patterns at the boundaries of differentiating stem cells are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate gene expression signatures at pluripotency-differentiation boundaries in stem cells.
  • To mimic in vivo developmental processes using microfluidic technology and inducible gene expression.
  • To understand the role of Nanog in regulating gene expression during early differentiation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized inducible gene expression and microfluidic technology to create spatial gene expression patterns in murine embryonic stem cells.
  • Established boundaries between Nanog-expressing (pluripotency) and Nanog-suppressed (differentiation) cells by exposing them to morphogen gradients.
  • Constructed a gene regulatory network with Nanog as the root to analyze gene expression interactions.

Main Results:

  • Successfully mimicked developmental processes by creating Nanog expression gradients across stem cell colonies.
  • Identified significant interactions between Nanog and its target genes at the established pluripotency-differentiation boundaries.
  • Observed gene expression patterns at in vitro boundaries that resemble those found in the developing blastocyst.

Conclusions:

  • The microfluidic system effectively models cellular commitment at gene expression domain boundaries.
  • The study provides insights into the critical role of Nanog in stem cell differentiation and early development.
  • This approach has potential applications in fundamental stem cell research and regenerative medicine.