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Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting Perception01:25

Factors Affecting Perception

Perception is influenced by perceptual set, context, motivation, and emotion. Perceptual set, or perceptual expectancy, refers to the tendency to perceive things in a particular way, influenced by previous experiences and expectations. This phenomenon affects the interpretation of stimuli, creating a set of mental tendencies and assumptions that impact sensory perceptions of sound, taste, touch, and sight.
An illustrative example of a perceptual set is the scenario where an airline pilot told...
Interference: Path Lengths01:10

Interference: Path Lengths

Consider two sources of sound, that may or may not be in phase, emitting waves at a single frequency, and consider the frequencies to be the same.
Two special sources may be considered when they are in phase. This can be easily achieved by feeding the two sources from the same source. An example would be synchronizing the two speakers by feeding them with the same source, such as the sound waves produced by a tuning fork. This setup ensures that the two sources have the same frequency and are...
Introducing Social Perception01:29

Introducing Social Perception

Perceiving others accurately is fundamental to effective communication and relationship-building. Social perception, a key concept in social psychology, refers to the cognitive processes through which individuals gather and interpret information about others to understand their actions, intentions, and motivations. This process extends beyond spoken words and overt behaviors, incorporating subtle nonverbal cues and contextual factors.Nonverbal Cues and Their SignificanceNonverbal cues play a...
Perception of Sound Waves01:01

Perception of Sound Waves

The human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies in the audible range. It may perceive sound waves with the same pressure but different frequencies as having different loudness. Moreover, the perception of sound waves depends on the health of an individual's ears, which decays with age. The health of one's ears may also be affected by regular exposure to loud noises.
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same frequency...
Auditory Perception01:17

Auditory Perception

The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the cochlea, a...
Subliminal Perception01:15

Subliminal Perception

Subliminal perception refers to the processing of sensory information that occurs below the level of conscious awareness. Researchers study subliminal perception by presenting a stimulus, such as a word or image, very quickly, typically around 50 milliseconds. This rapid presentation is often followed by another stimulus, such as a pattern of dots or lines, which blocks further mental processing of the initial stimulus. As a result, if participants cannot identify the initial stimulus better...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology
05:38

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology

Published on: June 29, 2021

Speech misperception: speaking and seeing interfere differently with hearing.

Takemi Mochida1, Toshitaka Kimura, Sadao Hiroya

  • 1NTT Communication Science Laboratories, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation, Atsugi, Japan. mochida.takemi@lab.ntt.co.jp

Plos One
|July 12, 2013
PubMed
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Stimulating the Lip Motor Cortex with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
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Stimulating the Lip Motor Cortex with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Published on: June 14, 2014

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Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology
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Published on: June 29, 2021

Stimulating the Lip Motor Cortex with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
12:09

Stimulating the Lip Motor Cortex with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Published on: June 14, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Neuroscience
  • Speech Communication

Background:

  • Speech perception is linked to speech motor production, mediating multimodal integration.
  • Direct coupling between articulatory movement and auditory perception remains understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dissociation between self-produced speech actions and observed speech movements on auditory phoneme perception.
  • To determine if articulatory effects on speech perception are articulator-specific.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed intelligibility of syllables [pa], [ta], [ka] under conditions of silent self-articulation (congruent/incongruent) and observation of another's articulation.
  • Compared effects of self-articulation versus visual speech perception.

Main Results:

  • Self-articulating [ka] or [ta] degraded perception of heard [ta] and [ka] (same primary articulator: tongue).
  • Self-articulating [pa] did not affect perception of heard [ta] or [ka] (different primary articulator: lips).
  • Watching [pa] production degraded perception of heard [ta] and [ka].

Conclusions:

  • Articulatory distortion of speech perception is articulator-specific.
  • Visually induced distortion is not articulator-specific.
  • Speech motor processing directly contributes to auditory speech perception.