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Related Concept Videos

Bias01:22

Bias

Bias refers to any tendency that prevents a question from being considered unprejudiced. In research, bias occurs when one outcome or answer is selected or encouraged over others in sampling or testing. Bias can occur during any research phase, including study design, data collection, analysis, and publication.
In statistics, a sampling bias is created when a sample is collected from a population, and some members of the population are not as likely to be chosen as others (remember, each member...
Feedback Inhibition00:46

Feedback Inhibition

Biochemical reactions are occurring constantly in cells, converting starting substances to different products, usually with the help of enzymes that speed the reactions. Without enzymes, it would take far too long for most reactions to occur to be useful to the cell!
Proofreading01:43

Proofreading

Overview
The Scientific Method01:32

The Scientific Method

The scientific method is a detailed, empirical problem-solving process used by biologists and other scientists. This iterative approach involves formulating a question based on observation, developing a testable potential explanation for the observation (called a hypothesis), making and testing predictions based on the hypothesis, and using the findings to create new hypotheses and predictions.
Generally, predictions are tested using carefully-designed experiments. Based on the outcome of these...
Types of Selection01:46

Types of Selection

Natural selection influences the frequencies of particular alleles and phenotypes within populations in several different ways. Primarily, natural selection can be directional, stabilizing, or disruptive. Directional selection favors one extreme trait and shifts the population towards that phenotype while selecting against individuals displaying alternate traits. Stabilizing selection favors an intermediate trait with a narrow range of variation. Deviation from the optimal phenotype towards an...
Blind Procedures02:07

Blind Procedures

Ideally, the people who observe and record the children’s behavior are unaware of who was assigned to the experimental or control group, in order to control for experimenter bias. Experimenter bias refers to the possibility that a researcher’s expectations might skew the results of the study. Remember, conducting an experiment requires a lot of planning, and the people involved in the research project have a vested interest in supporting their hypotheses. If the observers knew which child was...

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Related Experiment Video

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Improving Small RNA-seq: Less Bias and Better Detection of 2'-O-Methyl RNAs
08:49

Improving Small RNA-seq: Less Bias and Better Detection of 2'-O-Methyl RNAs

Published on: September 16, 2019

A two-step manuscript submission process can reduce publication bias.

Yvo M Smulders1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands. y.smulders@vumc.nl

Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
|July 13, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Publication bias, where positive results are favored over negative ones, remains a challenge in research. This study proposes a novel two-step peer-review process, blinded to study outcomes, to mitigate this bias.

Keywords:
BiasBlindingEditorial reviewPeer reviewPublication biasStatistics

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Last Updated: May 9, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Research
  • Scientific Publishing
  • Research Integrity

Background:

  • A significant portion of scientific research remains unpublished, leading to potential biases in the scientific literature.
  • Publication bias, the tendency for studies with positive outcomes to be published more frequently than those with negative outcomes, distorts the evidence base.
  • Existing solutions to publication bias have proven insufficiently effective.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore a novel approach to mitigate publication bias by implementing an editorial and peer-review process blinded to study outcomes.
  • To evaluate the feasibility and potential impact of a two-step manuscript submission procedure designed to obscure results during initial review.

Main Methods:

  • Proposing a two-step manuscript submission process for editorial and peer review.
  • The first submission would include only the introduction and methods sections.
  • A subsequent submission, potentially including results and discussion, would follow.

Main Results:

  • The article discusses the potential advantages and disadvantages of a blinded, two-step peer-review system.
  • This method aims to reduce the influence of study outcomes on publication decisions.

Conclusions:

  • A blinded, two-step peer-review process is proposed as a potential strategy to address publication bias in scientific research.
  • Further discussion and evaluation are needed to determine the practical implementation and overall effectiveness of this approach.