Selective arterial embolization with gelatin particles for refractory knee hemarthrosis

Area of Science:

• Interventional Radiology
• Vascular Surgery
• Orthopedic Surgery

Background:

• Refractory knee hemarthrosis can significantly impact patient mobility and quality of life.
• Traditional treatments may not always be effective for persistent bleeding in the knee joint.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the feasibility and safety of selective arterial embolization for treating knee hemarthrosis that does not respond to other treatments.
• To evaluate the efficacy of embolizing feeding arteries in the knee joint.

Main Methods:

• Transcatheter arterial embolization was performed on five female patients with refractory knee hemarthrosis.
• A microcatheter was used to selectively target feeding arteries, primarily the genicular arteries, using gelatin particles as embolic agents.

Main Results:

• Successful embolization was achieved in all patients, with arteriography confirming nontumorous staining around the knee.
• Significant reduction in knee joint staining was observed post-embolization.
• No complications were reported, and all patients experienced improvement in hemarthrosis with no recurrence.

Conclusions:

• Selective arterial embolization is a safe and feasible treatment for refractory knee hemarthrosis.
• The procedure demonstrates efficacy in controlling bleeding and improving patient outcomes.
• This minimally invasive technique offers a valuable alternative for managing persistent knee bleeding.