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Updated: May 9, 2026

A Preclinical Controlled Cortical Impact Model for Traumatic Hemorrhage Contusion and Neuroinflammation

A Preclinical Controlled Cortical Impact Model for Traumatic Hemorrhage Contusion and Neuroinflammation

Published on: June 10, 2020

Postcraniotomy headache.

Levente Molnár¹, Éva Simon, Réka Nemes

¹Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Debrecen Medical and Health Science Center, Nagyerdei krt. 98, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.

Journal of Anesthesia

|July 13, 2013

Summary

Postcraniotomy headache (PCH) is a significant concern often undertreated. This review synthesizes current knowledge on PCH incidence, mechanisms, and predictors to guide prevention and treatment strategies.

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Area of Science:

Neurosurgery
Pain Management
Anesthesiology

Background:

Postcraniotomy headache (PCH) is a prevalent yet often underestimated complication following brain surgery.
Current management strategies for PCH are inconsistent, leading to undertreatment and poor patient outcomes.
Limited understanding of PCH incidence, severity, and contributing factors hinders effective therapeutic guideline development.

Purpose of the Study:

To consolidate existing literature on the incidence, assessment, and pathophysiology of acute and chronic PCH.
To identify key predictors influencing PCH severity and occurrence.
To review and evaluate current and emerging prevention and treatment strategies for PCH.

Main Methods:

Comprehensive literature search across multiple databases for studies on postcraniotomy headache.
Systematic review and synthesis of data regarding PCH incidence, risk factors, and management.
Analysis of evidence for various analgesic approaches, including NSAIDs, opioids, and local anesthetics.

Main Results:

PCH frequency and severity are frequently underestimated by healthcare providers.
Patient and surgical factors significantly impact PCH, complicating the definition of universal analgesic protocols.
Local anesthetics and specific surgical techniques show promise for PCH prevention, while NSAIDs and opioids present limitations.

Conclusions:

Effective management of PCH requires a deeper understanding of its multifactorial nature.
Multimodal analgesic therapy is crucial, but current options like NSAIDs and opioids have drawbacks.
Further research into targeted prevention and treatment strategies, including local anesthetic use, is warranted to improve PCH outcomes.