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Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Treatment Strategies01:26

Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Treatment Strategies

Treatment strategies for poisoning are a critical aspect of emergency medicine, focusing on preventing the absorption of toxins and enhancing their elimination. When a poisoning incident occurs, the first response is to halt exposure and decontaminate the patient, particularly through gastrointestinal (GI) methods if the poison was ingested.Gastrointestinal Decontamination Techniques:Activated charcoal is the cornerstone of GI decontamination. It works through adsorption, binding the toxin to...
Integrated Healthcare System01:20

Integrated Healthcare System

An integrated healthcare system (IHS) is a set of organizations that provides for or arranges to provide coordinated and continuous service to a defined population. The IHS takes responsibility for that particular population's health status and outcome, both clinically and fiscally. An integrated healthcare system is a well-organized, well-coordinated, and collaborative network. The integrated delivery system is a network that connects different healthcare providers to deliver organized,...
Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios01:26

Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios

Pharmaceutical poisoning can occur through various channels, impacting an estimated 2 million hospitalized patients in the U.S. annually with serious adverse drug responses. These scenarios encompass both therapeutic uses, such as drug toxicity, where even standard dosages can lead to severe central nervous system depression, and non-therapeutic exposures, including accidental ingestion by children, and environmental and occupational exposures.Unintentional poisonings often involve exploratory...
Nursing Clinical Information System01:27

Nursing Clinical Information System

Nursing Clinical Information System (NCIS)
A Nursing Clinical Information System (NCIS) is a specialized type of healthcare information system tailored to meet the unique needs of nursing practice. It incorporates the principles of nursing informatics to streamline information management and improve the quality of care delivery.
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Prevention of Further Absorption of Poison01:14

Prevention of Further Absorption of Poison

In cases of acute poisoning, the primary objective is to prevent further absorption of the toxic substance into the body. Immediate interventions using various decontamination techniques targeting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract can achieve this. Decontamination is crucial to prevent poison from entering the systemic circulation, which involves washing affected areas with water and mild soap and removing contaminated clothing. Once external decontamination is done, attention must be turned to...
Drug Dosage Regimen: Overview01:15

Drug Dosage Regimen: Overview

A drug dosage regimen describes the specific instructions and schedule for administering a drug to a patient. It considers factors such as drug dosage, frequency, route of administration, and duration of treatment. Designing an appropriate dosage regimen for a patient aims to achieve a target drug concentration at the site of action.
Typically, the starting dose and dosing interval are guided by the manufacturer's recommendations based on clinical trials conducted during and after drug...

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Related Experiment Video

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High-throughput and Comprehensive Drug Surveillance Using Multisegment Injection-Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry
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The Integrated Web Portal for Escalation with Overdose Control (EWOC).

Haibin Wang1, Mourad Tighiouart, Shao-Chi Huang

  • 1Biostatistics & Bioinformatics Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 116 N. Robertson Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.

The Open Medical Informatics Journal
|July 13, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new web portal for designing cancer Phase I clinical trials using the Escalation with Overdose Control (EWOC) method. The portal offers a user-friendly dose-finding calculator and downloadable software to aid researchers.

Keywords:
Bayesian methodEWOCcancer phase I clinical trialmaximum tolerated doseopen source.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Biostatistics
  • Clinical Trial Design

Background:

  • Cancer Phase I clinical trials are crucial for determining safe and effective drug dosages.
  • The Escalation with Overdose Control (EWOC) is a statistical method for designing these trials.
  • Existing tools for EWOC implementation may lack accessibility or user-friendliness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and implement a novel, accessible web portal for the EWOC method in cancer Phase I clinical trials.
  • To provide both a web-based dose-finding calculator and downloadable software for EWOC implementation.
  • To facilitate the design and execution of dose-finding studies using EWOC methodology.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a database-driven, distributed computing platform for dose-finding calculations.
  • Implementation using open-source technologies including PHP, JQuery, R, and OpenBUGS.
  • Creation of a web-based calculator accessible via standard browsers and a standalone Windows application.

Main Results:

  • A functional web portal integrating a dose-finding calculator and downloadable software for EWOC.
  • The portal supports standard web browsers and offers a downloadable Windows application.
  • The platform is built on industry standards and open-source software for broad accessibility.

Conclusions:

  • The developed web portal provides a valuable, accessible resource for researchers designing cancer Phase I clinical trials.
  • The EWOC methodology is effectively implemented through this integrated web-based and standalone software solution.
  • This tool aims to streamline the process of dose-finding in early-phase cancer drug development.