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Updated: May 9, 2026

Processing of Bulk Nanocrystalline Metals at the US Army Research Laboratory

Processing of Bulk Nanocrystalline Metals at the US Army Research Laboratory

Published on: March 7, 2018

Relation between bulk and interface descriptions of alloy solidification.

Alexander L Korzhenevskii¹, Richard Bausch, Rudi Schmitz

¹Institute for Problems of Mechanical Engineering, RAS, Bol'shoi prospect V. O., 61, St. Petersburg 199178, Russia.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics

|July 16, 2013

Summary

This study derives an interface description for binary alloy solidification, revealing a consistent thermodynamic friction coefficient and a symmetry enabling decoupled constitutive equations for alloy components at any growth velocity.

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Last Updated: May 9, 2026

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Thermodynamics
Physical Chemistry

Background:

Understanding the interface dynamics during alloy solidification is crucial for predicting material properties.
Existing models often simplify the complex interplay between crystallization and diffusion fluxes.
A detailed description of the interface is needed for accurate thermodynamic and kinetic analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

To derive an exact interface description for one-dimensional steady-state solidification of dilute binary alloys.
To obtain precise expressions for interfacial fluxes, forces, and Onsager coefficients.
To investigate the decoupling of constitutive equations and identify underlying symmetries.

Main Methods:

Development of a simple bulk model for alloy solidification.
Derivation of exact expressions for interfacial transport phenomena.
Analysis of constitutive equations in low-velocity and general velocity limits.
Identification of a continuous symmetry in the system.

Main Results:

Exact expressions for fluxes, forces, and Onsager coefficients at the interface were derived.
Constitutive equations were found to decouple at low velocities, yielding a thermodynamically consistent, albeit occasionally negative, friction coefficient.
A model-independent continuous symmetry was discovered, allowing decoupling of constitutive equations for alloy components at arbitrary growth velocities.

Conclusions:

The derived interface description provides a rigorous framework for analyzing binary alloy solidification.
The identified symmetry offers a powerful tool for simplifying complex solidification models.
The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of interfacial thermodynamics and kinetics in alloys.