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Related Concept Videos

Couette Flow01:22

Couette Flow

Couette flow represents the flow of fluid between two parallel plates, with one plate fixed and the other moving with a constant velocity. This configuration allows for a simplified analysis using the Navier-Stokes equations, which govern fluid motion under conditions of viscosity and incompressibility. For Couette flow, the assumptions include a steady, laminar, incompressible flow with a zero-pressure gradient in the flow direction. This flow type is beneficial for understanding shear-driven...
Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates01:17

Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates

Understanding steady, laminar flow between parallel plates is essential for analyzing and designing flow in narrow rectangular channels, commonly found in various water conveyance and drainage systems. The Navier-Stokes equations govern fluid motion and are generally challenging to solve due to their nonlinearity. However, simplifications are possible in certain cases, like the steady laminar flow between parallel plates. For this scenario, we assume steady, incompressible, laminar flow.
Frictional Force01:07

Frictional Force

When a body is in motion, it encounters resistance because the body interacts with its surroundings. This resistance is known as friction, a common yet complex force whose behavior is still not completely understood. Friction opposes relative motion between systems in contact, but also allows us to move. Friction arises in part due to the roughness of surfaces in contact. For one object to move along a surface, it must rise to where the peaks of the surface can skip along the bottom of the...
Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes01:23

Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes

Hagen-Poiseuille flow describes a viscous fluid's steady, incompressible flow through a cylindrical tube with a constant radius R. This flow profile is often applied to understand fluid transport in narrow channels, such as capillaries. It serves as a foundational example of laminar flow. In this model, cylindrical coordinates (r,θ,z) are used to describe the radial (r), angular (θ), and axial (z) dimensions within the tube. For Hagen-Poiseuille flow, the velocity profile is purely axial,...
Joule-Thomson Effect01:21

Joule-Thomson Effect

The Joule-Thomson effect, also known as the Joule-Kelvin effect, describes the temperature change of a fluid when it is forced through a valve or porous plug while keeping it in a thermally insulated environment. This experiment is called a throttling process. This is an important effect widely used in refrigeration and the liquefaction of gases.
This experiment forces high-pressure gas through a throttle valve or a porous plug to a lower-pressure region. The gas expands as it passes through to...
Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I01:14

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I

Just as interesting as the effects of heat transfer on a system are the methods by which the heat transfer occur. Whenever there is a temperature difference, heat transfer occurs. It may occur rapidly, such as through a cooking pan, or slowly, such as through the walls of a picnic ice box. So many processes involve heat transfer that it is hard to imagine a situation where no heat transfer occurs. Yet, every heat transfer takes place by only three methods: conduction, convection, and radiation.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Magnetically Induced Rotating Rayleigh-Taylor Instability
06:42

Magnetically Induced Rotating Rayleigh-Taylor Instability

Published on: March 3, 2017

Thermally driven flows between a Leidenfrost solid and a ratchet surface.

Steffen Hardt1, Sudarshan Tiwari, Tobias Baier

  • 1Center of Smart Interfaces, TU Darmstadt, Petersenstrasse 17, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|July 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Thermally driven flows have minimal impact on Leidenfrost solids

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Evolution of Staircase Structures in Diffusive Convection
07:28

Evolution of Staircase Structures in Diffusive Convection

Published on: September 5, 2018

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Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Magnetically Induced Rotating Rayleigh-Taylor Instability
06:42

Magnetically Induced Rotating Rayleigh-Taylor Instability

Published on: March 3, 2017

Evolution of Staircase Structures in Diffusive Convection
07:28

Evolution of Staircase Structures in Diffusive Convection

Published on: September 5, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Thermodynamics
  • Statistical mechanics

Background:

  • Leidenfrost solids exhibit unique behaviors on ratchet surfaces.
  • Previous studies suggested thermally driven flows could propel these objects.
  • Understanding propulsion mechanisms is key for micro-device applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of thermally driven flows in Leidenfrost solid propulsion.
  • To contrast findings with previous analyses on this topic.
  • To identify the dominant propulsion mechanism for Leidenfrost solids on ratchet surfaces.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical solution of the Boltzmann equation.
  • Analysis of flow patterns and vortex formation.
  • Quantification of thrust contributions from different flow types.

Main Results:

  • Flow patterns are dominated by vortices at ratchet teeth edges.
  • Thermally driven flows contribute insignificantly to propulsion.
  • Pressure-driven flow from sublimation is the primary thrust source.

Conclusions:

  • Thermally driven flows are not the main driver for Leidenfrost solid propulsion.
  • Sublimation-induced pressure gradients dominate the thrust.
  • This finding contrasts with prior theoretical claims.