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Investigating Flagella-Driven Motility in Escherichia coli by Applying Three Established Techniques in a Series

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Confinement stabilizes a bacterial suspension into a spiral vortex.

Hugo Wioland¹, Francis G Woodhouse, Jörn Dunkel

¹Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, University of Cambridge, Wilberforce Road, Cambridge CB3 0WA, United Kingdom.

Physical Review Letters

|July 16, 2013

Summary

Confining surfaces influence active matter. Bacterial suspensions in droplets form a stable vortex state due to confinement, self-propulsion, and hydrodynamics.

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Area of Science:

Physics
Soft Matter Physics
Biophysics

Background:

Confining surfaces impact physical systems' dynamics and order.
Effects on active matter, a self-organizing system, are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate confinement and curvature effects on active matter collective motion.
Study flow and orientational order in bacterial suspension droplets.

Main Methods:

Experimental study of dense bacterial suspension in droplets.
Observation of cell flow and alignment patterns.

Main Results:

Radial confinement and self-propulsion induce a stable single-vortex state.
Cells exhibit inward spiraling patterns with a counterrotating boundary layer.

Conclusions:

A minimal continuum model accurately predicts the observed vortex state.
Confinement is key to understanding active matter collective behavior.