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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Influenza01:27

Influenza

Influenza is an acute, highly communicable viral disease that affects the respiratory tract and is responsible for seasonal epidemics worldwide. Influenza A is the most prevalent type associated with widespread outbreaks and is subtyped based on two surface glycoproteins: hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N), as in H1N1. These glycoproteins are essential for viral infectivity, transmission, and immune recognition. Transmission occurs primarily through respiratory droplets and contaminated...

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Updated: May 9, 2026

Micro-Colony Forming Unit Assay for Efficacy Evaluation of Vaccines Against Tuberculosis
06:26

Micro-Colony Forming Unit Assay for Efficacy Evaluation of Vaccines Against Tuberculosis

Published on: July 28, 2023

EpiReview: tuberculosis in NSW, 2009-2011.

Chris Lowbridge1, Amanda Christensen, Jeremy M McAnulty

  • 1clowb@moh.health.nsw.gov.au

New South Wales Public Health Bulletin
|July 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Tuberculosis notification rates in New South Wales (NSW) remained stable between 2009-2011, with most cases occurring in overseas-born individuals. Ongoing control efforts are crucial due to endemic transmission and high rates in neighboring countries.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge.
  • Understanding TB epidemiology in specific regions is vital for targeted control strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the epidemiology of tuberculosis (TB) in New South Wales (NSW) from 2009 to 2011.
  • To compare current TB trends with historical data.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Notifiable Conditions Information Management System for all notified TB cases in NSW.
  • Conducted descriptive analyses of notification data.
  • Calculated incidence rates per 100,000 population.

Main Results:

  • 1548 TB cases were notified in NSW (2009-2011), with an average annual rate of 7.2 per 100,000 population.

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Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Micro-Colony Forming Unit Assay for Efficacy Evaluation of Vaccines Against Tuberculosis
06:26

Micro-Colony Forming Unit Assay for Efficacy Evaluation of Vaccines Against Tuberculosis

Published on: July 28, 2023

  • 89% of cases were overseas-born; 1.6% were Aboriginal persons.
  • Pulmonary TB was most common (60%); 3% of tested cases had HIV/TB co-infection; 20 cases of multidrug-resistant TB were identified.

    • Conclusions:

    • TB notification rates in NSW have been stable for two decades, with slight increases since 2003.
    • Endemic transmission within NSW and high TB rates in neighboring countries necessitate continued TB control as a strategic priority.