Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hardy-Weinberg Principle01:49

Hardy-Weinberg Principle

Diploid organisms have two alleles of each gene, one from each parent, in their somatic cells. Therefore, each individual contributes two alleles to the gene pool of the population. The gene pool of a population is the sum of every allele of all genes within that population and has some degree of variation. Genetic variation is typically expressed as a relative frequency, which is the percentage of the total population that has a given allele, genotype or phenotype.
Gene Duplication and Divergence02:37

Gene Duplication and Divergence

The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was  generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are characterized.
Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?02:05

Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?

The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?02:05

Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?

The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
Trihybrid Crosses02:27

Trihybrid Crosses

Trihybrid Crosses
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal chance to...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A comparative analysis of routine hospital admission data for sickle cell anaemia, cystic fibrosis and haemophilia in England.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Indicators of inequity in research and funding for sickle cell disease, cystic fibrosis and haemophilia: a descriptive comparative study.

The Lancet. Haematology·2025
Same author

Large-scale land acquisitions exacerbate local farmland inequalities in Tanzania.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2023
Same author

Carbon emissions from the global land rush and potential mitigation.

Nature food·2023
Same author

Hydroxyurea for children with sickle cell disease in sub-Saharan Africa: A summary of the evidence, opportunities, and challenges.

Pharmacotherapy·2023
Same author

Computational Creativity and Aesthetics with Algorithmic Information Theory.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations
04:52

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations

Published on: February 3, 2023

Fast half-sibling population reconstruction: theory and algorithms.

Daniel Dexter1, Daniel G Brown

  • 1David R Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. browndg@uwaterloo.ca.

Algorithms for Molecular Biology : AMB
|July 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces SibJoin, a fast and accurate algorithm for inferring half-sibling relationships in populations. It efficiently reconstructs kinship structures, crucial for conservation genetics and understanding mating patterns.

More Related Videos

Simultaneous Assessment of Kinship, Division Number, and Phenotype via Flow Cytometry for Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells
10:20

Simultaneous Assessment of Kinship, Division Number, and Phenotype via Flow Cytometry for Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells

Published on: March 24, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations
04:52

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations

Published on: February 3, 2023

Simultaneous Assessment of Kinship, Division Number, and Phenotype via Flow Cytometry for Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells
10:20

Simultaneous Assessment of Kinship, Division Number, and Phenotype via Flow Cytometry for Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells

Published on: March 24, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Population genetics
  • Computational biology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Kinship inference identifies related individuals, vital for understanding mating structures, especially in endangered populations.
  • Existing methods effectively reconstruct full sibling relationships but are limited for half-sibling identification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the challenge of inferring half-sibling relationships within populations.
  • To develop a computationally efficient and accurate method for half-sibling reconstruction.

Main Methods:

  • The problem of validating half-sibling population reconstructions under Mendelian inheritance was analyzed.
  • A 0/1 integer program was formulated to identify individuals for removal to ensure reconstruction validity.
  • SibJoin, a heuristic-based clustering approach leveraging Mendelian genetics, was developed.

Main Results:

  • The half-sibling reconstruction problem was proven to be NP-complete.
  • SibJoin demonstrated remarkable speed, being thousands of times faster than existing algorithms.
  • The algorithm achieved reasonable accuracy in inferring half-sibling structures.

Conclusions:

  • SibJoin provides an accurate and highly efficient solution for inferring half-sibling relationships.
  • The method enables the analysis of previously intractable large populations for kinship structures.
  • This advancement is significant for population genetics and conservation efforts.