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Hepatitis

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Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...

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Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion of food...

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination

Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
History
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Blood transfusion is a critical medical procedure that saves lives and treats various medical conditions. It involves transferring blood from a donor to a recipient. This process requires a thorough understanding of the ABO blood group system and its associated antigens and antibodies.
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Updated: May 9, 2026

Dried Blood Spots - Preparing and Processing for Use in Immunoassays and in Molecular Techniques

Dried Blood Spots - Preparing and Processing for Use in Immunoassays and in Molecular Techniques

Published on: March 13, 2015

Decrease in hepatitis B prevalence among blood donors in Central-West Brazil.

Andréa de Siqueira Campos Lindenberg¹, Ana Rita Coimbra Motta-Castro, Marco Antonio Puga

¹Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil. sonia.fernandes@ufms.br.

The Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins Including Tropical Diseases

|July 16, 2013

Summary

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection prevalence in first-time blood donors in Campo Grande, Brazil, decreased significantly between 2001 and 2010. This reduction in HBV markers suggests successful public health interventions and improved donor safety.

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Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Dried Blood Spots - Preparing and Processing for Use in Immunoassays and in Molecular Techniques

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Published on: March 13, 2015

Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Detection and Quantification of Hepatitis B Virus DNA

Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Detection and Quantification of Hepatitis B Virus DNA

Published on: December 15, 2023

Area of Science:

Epidemiology
Public Health
Virology

Background:

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) poses a significant public health challenge globally.
Estimating HBV seroprevalence in specific populations, like blood donors, is crucial for disease surveillance.
First-time blood donors represent a key demographic for monitoring infection trends.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among first-time blood donors in Campo Grande, Brazil.
To compare current HBV seroprevalence with historical data from 2001.
To identify demographic factors associated with HBV infection in this cohort.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of blood donor records from January to December 2010.
Calculation of seroprevalence for HBsAg and anti-HBc markers with 95% confidence intervals.
Chi-square analysis to compare current and past seroprevalence, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05.

Main Results:

A total of 8,840 first-time blood donors were analyzed.
Overall HBV marker positivity was 3.04% (269/8,840).
Prevalence rates were 0.19% for HBsAg and 2.85% for anti-HBc alone.

Conclusions:

HBV infection prevalence among first-time blood donors in Campo Grande significantly decreased from 2001 to 2010.
Older age was associated with a higher prevalence of HBV infection.
The observed decrease indicates potential improvements in donor screening, vaccination programs, and a reduction in general population HBV prevalence.