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Related Concept Videos

Extracellular Matrix01:26

Extracellular Matrix

Unlike epithelial tissue, which is composed of cells closely packed with little or no extracellular space in between, connective tissue cells are dispersed in a matrix. This extracellular matrix (ECM) is composed of fibrous proteins like collagen, elastin, and fibronectin in a ground substance consisting of interstitial fluid, cell adhesion proteins, and proteoglycans. The proteoglycans form a gel-like material in the spaces between cells and provide hydration, buffering, binding, and force...
The Extracellular Matrix01:42

The Extracellular Matrix

Overview
The Extracellular Matrix01:29

The Extracellular Matrix

Overview
In order to maintain tissue organization, many animal cells are surrounded by structural molecules that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, the molecules in the ECM maintain the structural integrity of tissue as well as the remarkable specific properties of certain tissues.
Composition of the Extracellular Matrix
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is commonly composed of ground substance, a gel-like fluid, fibrous components, and many structurally and functionally diverse...
Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces01:13

Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces

In animal cells, the extracellular matrix allows cells within tissues to withstand external stresses and transmits signals from the outside of the cell to the inside. The extracellular matrix is extensive, and its composition varies between different types of tissues. For example, the reticular fibers and ground substance make up the ECM in loose connective tissue, while collagen and bone minerals make up the ECM of bone tissue. 
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...
Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration01:32

Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration

A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker proteins that...
Cell Motility through Blebbing01:16

Cell Motility through Blebbing

Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Engineering Three-dimensional Epithelial Tissues Embedded within Extracellular Matrix
08:49

Engineering Three-dimensional Epithelial Tissues Embedded within Extracellular Matrix

Published on: July 10, 2016

ECM-modulated cellular dynamics as a driving force for tissue morphogenesis.

William P Daley1, Kenneth M Yamada

  • 1Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States. daleywp@nih.gov

Current Opinion in Genetics & Development
|July 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling drives tissue development by regulating cell behavior. ECM signaling and physical forces guide cell migration, shape, adhesion, and differentiation during morphogenesis.

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Optogenetic Inhibition of Rho1-Mediated Actomyosin Contractility Coupled with Measurement of Epithelial Tension in Drosophila Embryos
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Optogenetic Inhibition of Rho1-Mediated Actomyosin Contractility Coupled with Measurement of Epithelial Tension in Drosophila Embryos

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Engineering Three-dimensional Epithelial Tissues Embedded within Extracellular Matrix
08:49

Engineering Three-dimensional Epithelial Tissues Embedded within Extracellular Matrix

Published on: July 10, 2016

Optogenetic Inhibition of Rho1-Mediated Actomyosin Contractility Coupled with Measurement of Epithelial Tension in Drosophila Embryos
12:35

Optogenetic Inhibition of Rho1-Mediated Actomyosin Contractility Coupled with Measurement of Epithelial Tension in Drosophila Embryos

Published on: April 14, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • The extracellular matrix (ECM) is crucial for tissue development, influencing cell behavior through chemical and physical cues.
  • Dynamic remodeling of the ECM by cellular interactions shapes tissue structure and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent discoveries on how ECM remodeling influences dynamic cell behaviors during tissue morphogenesis.
  • To highlight the roles of localized ECM signaling, basement membrane mechanics, and ECM-regulated stem cell differentiation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent research findings.
  • Focus on examples from branching morphogenesis, Drosophila egg chamber development, and epithelial organ cleft formation.

Main Results:

  • Localized ECM signaling regulates cell migration, shape, and adhesion during branching morphogenesis.
  • The ECM and basement membrane sculpt and stabilize epithelial tissue structures.
  • ECM dynamics are critical for stem cell differentiation, contributing to tissue morphogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • ECM remodeling is a key driver of dynamic cell behaviors essential for tissue morphogenesis.
  • Understanding ECM-cell interactions provides insights into developmental processes and potential therapeutic strategies.