Coculturing human endometrial epithelial cells and stromal fibroblasts alters cell-specific gene expression and cytokine production
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Updated: May 9, 2026
Co-culture Model Using Two Types of Adherent Cell Lines
Published on: November 8, 2024
Joseph C Chen1, David W Erikson, Terhi T Piltonen
1Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, Center for Reproductive Sciences, San Francisco, California.
Objective:
To determine the effects of coculturing endometrial epithelial cells (eEC) with paired endometrial stromal fibroblasts (eSF) on cell-specific gene expression and cytokine secretion patterns.
Design:
In vitro study.
Setting:
University research laboratory.
Patient(S):
Endometrial biopsies were obtained from premenopausal women.
Intervention(S):
Polarized eEC and subject-paired eSF were cultured for 12.5 hours alone (monoculture) or combined in a two-chamber coculture system without cell-cell contact. Cells and conditioned media were analyzed for global gene expression and cytokine secretion, respectively. Purified, endometrial tissue-derived eEC and eSF isolated by fluorescent activated cell sorting (FACS) were used as noncultured controls.
Main Outcome Measure(S):
Cell-specific global gene expression profiling and analysis of secreted cytokines in eEC/eSF cocultures and respective monocultures.
Result(S):
Transepithelial resistance, diffusible tracer exclusion, expression of tight junction proteins, and apical/basolateral vectorial secretion confirmed eEC structural and functional polarization. Distinct transcriptomes of eEC and eSF were consistent with their respective lineages and their endometrial origin. Coculture of eEC with eSF resulted in altered cell-specific gene expression and cytokine secretion.
Conclusion(S):
This coculture model provides evidence that interactions between endometrial functionally polarized epithelium and stromal fibroblasts affect cell-specific gene expression and cytokine secretion underscoring their relevance when modeling endometrium in vitro.
