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Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach

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Estimated maximal and current brain volume predict cognitive ability in old age.

Natalie A Royle¹, Tom Booth, Maria C Valdés Hernández

¹Brain Research Imaging Centre, Neuroimaging Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Scottish Imaging Network, A Platform for Scientific Excellence (SINAPSE) Collaboration, Edinburgh, UK; Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.

Neurobiology of Aging

|July 16, 2013

Summary

Cognitive ability in youth predicts brain volume in old age. This study highlights how early cognitive performance influences brain structure throughout life, impacting cognitive aging.

Keywords:

Aging Brain volume IQ Life course cognitive ability Structural brain imaging biomarkers

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Published on: October 13, 2016

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Science
Aging Research

Background:

Brain tissue deterioration is linked to reduced cognitive ability in later life.
Limited data exists on the influence of prior brain volume and cognitive performance on this association.
Understanding early-life factors influencing cognitive aging is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate associations between structural brain imaging biomarkers and cognitive ability in older adults.
To examine the influence of early-life cognitive ability and brain volume on later-life brain structure.
To contribute to the understanding of normal cognitive aging processes.

Main Methods:

Utilized data from a large (N=620) cohort of generally healthy, community-dwelling individuals.
Assessed cognitive ability from age 11 years and detailed cognitive measures at age 73 years.
Employed structural brain imaging to estimate maximal brain volume and measure current brain volume.

Main Results:

Found positive associations between general cognitive ability and estimated brain volume in youth (males, r=0.28; females, r=0.12).
Observed positive associations between general cognitive ability and measured brain volume in later life (males, r=0.27; females, r=0.26).
Cognitive ability in youth strongly predicted both estimated prior and measured current brain volume in old age, irrespective of white and gray matter.

Conclusions:

Early-life cognitive ability is a significant predictor of brain volume in later life.
These findings underscore the long-term impact of early cognitive performance on brain structure during aging.
The study provides valuable insights into the factors influencing cognitive aging within a large, healthy population.