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Human Skeletal Muscle Biopsy Procedures Using the Modified Bergström Technique

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Can IGF-I polymorphism affect power and endurance athletic performance?

Sigal Ben-Zaken¹, Yoav Meckel, Dan Nemet

¹The Zinman College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the Wingate Institute, Genetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Netanya 42902, Israel.

Growth Hormone & IGF Research : Official Journal of the Growth Hormone Research Society and the International IGF Research Society

|July 16, 2013

Summary

The IGF-I C-1245T gene variation may influence athletic performance. The TT genotype was found in athletes, particularly power athletes, suggesting a role in sport excellence.

Keywords:

Athletic performance Endurance athletes Genetic polymorphism IGF1 Power athletes

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Area of Science:

Genetics and Sports Science
Human Physiology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is crucial for muscle growth and development, particularly in response to exercise.
The IGF-I gene promoter contains a C-1245T polymorphism (rs35767), with the T allele linked to higher IGF-I levels and potentially greater muscle mass.
Previous studies on IGF-I gene variations primarily focused on the elderly and pathological conditions, with limited research in athletic populations.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the frequency distribution of the C-1245T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the IGF-I gene among Israeli athletes and non-athletes.
To explore potential associations between IGF-I gene variants and athletic performance, specifically in endurance and power athletes.

Main Methods:

A cohort of 165 athletes (78 endurance, 87 power) and 159 non-athletic controls from Israel participated.
Genomic DNA was isolated from blood samples using standard protocols.
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was employed for genotyping the IGF1 C-1245T polymorphism.

Main Results:

Significant differences in allele and genotype frequencies of the C-1245T polymorphism were observed between athletes and the control group.
The rare TT genotype was present in 4.8% of athletes but absent in the control group.
The T allele was more prevalent in elite power athletes (international/Olympic level) compared to national-level athletes, though this trend was not observed in endurance athletes.

Conclusions:

The findings suggest a potential role for the IGF-I TT genotype in contributing to endurance performance and, more notably, power sport excellence among Israeli athletes.
This genetic variation may represent a factor influencing elite athletic capabilities in specific disciplines.