Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 9, 2026
12:59
Assessment of Oxidative Damage in the Primary Mouse Ocular Surface Cells/Stem Cells in Response to Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) Damage
Published on: February 15, 2020
Human carbonic anhydrase VII protects cells from oxidative damage
Biological Chemistry
|July 16, 2013
Summary
Human carbonic anhydrase VII protects cells from oxidative damage. This enzyme
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) VII is a cytosolic enzyme.
- hCA VII exhibits high carbon dioxide hydration activity.
- Recent findings suggest hCA VII acts as an oxygen radical scavenger due to S-glutathionylation of cysteine residues.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the protective role of native and tetramutated hCA VII against oxidative stress in a eukaryotic system.
- To determine the involvement of cysteine residues in the protective mechanism of hCA VII.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing a eukaryotic cell system.
- Subjecting cells expressing native and tetramutated hCA VII to an oxidant agent.
- Analyzing the effects on apoptosis cascade and cellular damage.
Main Results:
- Native hCA VII significantly protects cells from oxidative damage.
- hCA VII prevents the apoptosis cascade under oxidative stress.
- Cysteine residues are crucial for the protective function of hCA VII.
Conclusions:
- Human carbonic anhydrase VII plays a definitive protective role against oxidative insults.
- The cysteine residues of hCA VII are essential for its function as an oxygen radical scavenger and cellular protector.
Related Concept Videos
01:43Electron Transport Chain: Complex III and IV
During the electron transport chain, electrons from NADH and FADH2 are first transferred to complexes I and II, respectively. These two complexes then transfer the electrons to ubiquinol, which carries them further to complex III. Complex III passes the electrons across the intermembrane space to Cyt c, which carries them further to complex IV. Complex IV donates electrons to oxygen and reduces it to water. As electrons pass through complexes I, III, and IV, the energy released aids the pumping...
01:46Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II
The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
01:22Bicarbonate-Carbonic Acid Buffer
The carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system is critical for maintaining the body's pH balance. It operates on the equilibrium:
01:00Cellular Injury I: Introduction
Cellular injury occurs when a cell cannot maintain homeostasis or adapt to stressors such as hypoxia, toxins, or trauma. Depending on severity and duration, injury may be reversible, allowing recovery, or irreversible, leading to cell death.General Mechanisms of Cell InjuryAlthough causes vary, most cellular injuries arise from a few key mechanisms that disrupt essential functions and often amplify one another. Cell survival depends on the extent and balance of these disturbances.ATP depletion...
01:29Renal Regulation of Acid-Base Balance
Metabolic reactions in the body produce nonvolatile acids, such as sulfuric acid, which generate an acid load of approximately 1 mEq of H+ per kilogram of body weight daily. Excreting H+ in the urine is essential to balance this acid load.
In the kidneys, cells within the proximal convoluted tubules (PCT) and the collecting ducts secrete hydrogen ions (H+) into the tubular fluid. Specifically, in the PCT, Na+/H+ antiporters secrete H+ while reabsorbing Na+.
However, the intercalated cells in...
In the kidneys, cells within the proximal convoluted tubules (PCT) and the collecting ducts secrete hydrogen ions (H+) into the tubular fluid. Specifically, in the PCT, Na+/H+ antiporters secrete H+ while reabsorbing Na+.
However, the intercalated cells in...
01:20Sulfur Assimilation
Sulfur is an essential element in biological systems, contributing to synthesizing key biomolecules, including amino acids such as cysteine and methionine, and cofactors such as coenzyme A and biotin. Microorganisms primarily assimilate sulfur as sulfate (SO₄²⁻) from the environment, which must undergo a series of biochemical transformations before it can be incorporated into cellular components. As sulfate is highly oxidized, it must undergo assimilatory sulfate reduction to become...